Steady cone-jet mode of electrospray for single-cell deposition

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Fernández-Martínez, D., Ferrera, C., Montanero, J. M., Mendoza-Cerezo, L., Rodríguez-Rego, J. M.
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Fernández-Martínez, D.
Ferrera, C.
Montanero, J. M.
Mendoza-Cerezo, L.
Rodríguez-Rego, J. M.
author_facet Fernández-Martínez, D.
Ferrera, C.
Montanero, J. M.
Mendoza-Cerezo, L.
Rodríguez-Rego, J. M.
contents We propose using the electrospray cone-jet mode operated near its minimum-flow-rate stability limit for single-cell deposition. Because the jet is much thinner than the cells themselves, individual cells can be clearly visualized or detected during deposition. At such low flow rates, individual cells can be placed at distinct, user-defined locations, even at relatively high cell concentrations. In this sense, our approach provides a spatial resolution at the scale of a single cell. We demonstrate the method's capabilities by depositing cells onto a millimeter-scale droplet of a standard cell-culture medium. Cell viability assays indicate that many cells maintain membrane integrity after exposure to the electrosprayed liquid, suggesting that most damage is reversible.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_23181
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Steady cone-jet mode of electrospray for single-cell deposition
Fernández-Martínez, D.
Ferrera, C.
Montanero, J. M.
Mendoza-Cerezo, L.
Rodríguez-Rego, J. M.
Fluid Dynamics
We propose using the electrospray cone-jet mode operated near its minimum-flow-rate stability limit for single-cell deposition. Because the jet is much thinner than the cells themselves, individual cells can be clearly visualized or detected during deposition. At such low flow rates, individual cells can be placed at distinct, user-defined locations, even at relatively high cell concentrations. In this sense, our approach provides a spatial resolution at the scale of a single cell. We demonstrate the method's capabilities by depositing cells onto a millimeter-scale droplet of a standard cell-culture medium. Cell viability assays indicate that many cells maintain membrane integrity after exposure to the electrosprayed liquid, suggesting that most damage is reversible.
title Steady cone-jet mode of electrospray for single-cell deposition
topic Fluid Dynamics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23181