Thermodynamics of Hairy Black Holes in Quantum Regimes: Insights from Horndeski Theory

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Main Authors: Pourhassan, Behnam, Sakalli, Izzet, Aounallah, Houcine, Santos, Fabiano F.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Pourhassan, Behnam
Sakalli, Izzet
Aounallah, Houcine
Santos, Fabiano F.
author_facet Pourhassan, Behnam
Sakalli, Izzet
Aounallah, Houcine
Santos, Fabiano F.
contents We study non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections to the thermodynamics and quantum work distribution of the $n$-dimensional Schwarzschild--Tangherlini--Anti-de Sitter black hole. Starting from the corrected entropy $S = S_0 + η\, e^{-S_0}$, where $S_0$ is the Bekenstein--Hawking entropy, we derive the modified specific heat, internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, and Gibbs free energy in closed form. The specific heat retains the classical divergence at $r_h^{*}=l\sqrt{(n-3)/(n-1)}$ for $n\geq 4$, but the quantum correction suppresses its magnitude by up to $78\%$ at small horizon radii. In the extended phase space, the uncharged black hole admits no van der Waals critical point; however, the non-perturbative correction induces a Hawking--Page transition for $n\geq 4$ that is absent in the semi-classical limit. The corrected Gibbs free energy turns negative at small $r_h$, opening a thermodynamic channel with no classical counterpart. Using the Jarzynski equality and Jensen inequality, we obtain the quantum work distribution during evaporation. The free energy difference $ΔF$ between two black hole states undergoes a sign reversal at small horizon radii for $n\geq 4$ when $η=1$, flipping the average quantum work from negative to positive. This sign reversal grows with the spacetime dimension, reaching $\langle W\rangle \approx +4.31$ for $n=10$. These findings demonstrate that non-perturbative quantum gravitational effects qualitatively alter the phase structure and evaporation energetics of AdS black holes, and they cannot be captured by perturbative corrections alone.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_23721
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Thermodynamics of Hairy Black Holes in Quantum Regimes: Insights from Horndeski Theory
Pourhassan, Behnam
Sakalli, Izzet
Aounallah, Houcine
Santos, Fabiano F.
High Energy Physics - Theory
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
We study non-perturbative quantum gravitational corrections to the thermodynamics and quantum work distribution of the $n$-dimensional Schwarzschild--Tangherlini--Anti-de Sitter black hole. Starting from the corrected entropy $S = S_0 + η\, e^{-S_0}$, where $S_0$ is the Bekenstein--Hawking entropy, we derive the modified specific heat, internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, and Gibbs free energy in closed form. The specific heat retains the classical divergence at $r_h^{*}=l\sqrt{(n-3)/(n-1)}$ for $n\geq 4$, but the quantum correction suppresses its magnitude by up to $78\%$ at small horizon radii. In the extended phase space, the uncharged black hole admits no van der Waals critical point; however, the non-perturbative correction induces a Hawking--Page transition for $n\geq 4$ that is absent in the semi-classical limit. The corrected Gibbs free energy turns negative at small $r_h$, opening a thermodynamic channel with no classical counterpart. Using the Jarzynski equality and Jensen inequality, we obtain the quantum work distribution during evaporation. The free energy difference $ΔF$ between two black hole states undergoes a sign reversal at small horizon radii for $n\geq 4$ when $η=1$, flipping the average quantum work from negative to positive. This sign reversal grows with the spacetime dimension, reaching $\langle W\rangle \approx +4.31$ for $n=10$. These findings demonstrate that non-perturbative quantum gravitational effects qualitatively alter the phase structure and evaporation energetics of AdS black holes, and they cannot be captured by perturbative corrections alone.
title Thermodynamics of Hairy Black Holes in Quantum Regimes: Insights from Horndeski Theory
topic High Energy Physics - Theory
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23721