Two-component dark matter from a flavor-dependent $U(1)$ gauge extension
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866915889529487360 |
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| author | Duy, N. T. Nguyen, Duy H. Ha, Do Thi Van Loi, Duong |
| author_facet | Duy, N. T. Nguyen, Duy H. Ha, Do Thi Van Loi, Duong |
| contents | We revisit the dark matter phenomenology of a flavor-dependent $U(1)_X$ gauge extension of the Standard Model, where anomaly cancellation predicts the existence of exactly three fermion generations and requires the presence of three right-handed neutrinos. In Ref.~\cite{VanLoi:2023utt}, a strong hierarchy between the vacuum expectation values of two singlet scalars, $\La_2 \gg \La_1$, renders all $\mathbb{Z}_2$-odd scalar states heavy, resulting in a two-component dark matter scenario composed exclusively of fermions. In the present work, we relax this simplifying assumption and consider a more general mass spectrum. In particular, scalar mixing can naturally lead to a situation in which the lightest $\mathbb{Z}_2$-odd particle is a scalar rather than a fermion. As a consequence, the model admits a qualitatively new realization of two-component dark matter consisting of one fermionic and one scalar component, in addition to the purely fermionic scenario studied previously. We perform a dedicated phenomenological analysis of these two-component dark matter realizations, focusing on the coupled thermal freeze-out dynamics and the resulting relic abundance. Constraints from the observed relic density and current direct-detection limits are taken into account, and viable regions of parameter space are identified. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_24072 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Two-component dark matter from a flavor-dependent $U(1)$ gauge extension Duy, N. T. Nguyen, Duy H. Ha, Do Thi Van Loi, Duong High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Theory We revisit the dark matter phenomenology of a flavor-dependent $U(1)_X$ gauge extension of the Standard Model, where anomaly cancellation predicts the existence of exactly three fermion generations and requires the presence of three right-handed neutrinos. In Ref.~\cite{VanLoi:2023utt}, a strong hierarchy between the vacuum expectation values of two singlet scalars, $\La_2 \gg \La_1$, renders all $\mathbb{Z}_2$-odd scalar states heavy, resulting in a two-component dark matter scenario composed exclusively of fermions. In the present work, we relax this simplifying assumption and consider a more general mass spectrum. In particular, scalar mixing can naturally lead to a situation in which the lightest $\mathbb{Z}_2$-odd particle is a scalar rather than a fermion. As a consequence, the model admits a qualitatively new realization of two-component dark matter consisting of one fermionic and one scalar component, in addition to the purely fermionic scenario studied previously. We perform a dedicated phenomenological analysis of these two-component dark matter realizations, focusing on the coupled thermal freeze-out dynamics and the resulting relic abundance. Constraints from the observed relic density and current direct-detection limits are taken into account, and viable regions of parameter space are identified. |
| title | Two-component dark matter from a flavor-dependent $U(1)$ gauge extension |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.24072 |