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Main Authors: Krajewski, Tomasz, Lewicki, Marek, Merchand, Marco, Nałęcz, Ignacy, Zych, Mateusz
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.24583
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author Krajewski, Tomasz
Lewicki, Marek
Merchand, Marco
Nałęcz, Ignacy
Zych, Mateusz
author_facet Krajewski, Tomasz
Lewicki, Marek
Merchand, Marco
Nałęcz, Ignacy
Zych, Mateusz
contents We present a unified description of first-order cosmological phase transition dynamics that links the phenomenological friction model employed in hydrodynamic simulations to the microscopic treatment based on Boltzmann equations. We derive an approximate analytical expression for the chemical potential and demonstrate that the resulting friction parameter $\tildeη$ follows a simple power-law dependence on the transition strength ($\propto v_n^4/T_n^4$). Incorporating this scaling into a phenomenological framework accurately reproduces the terminal wall velocities obtained from the full microscopic analysis performed using \texttt{WallGo}. This approach offers an efficient method to quantify out-of-equilibrium contributions to friction and reliably estimate bubble-wall velocities.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_24583
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle From friction scaling to an efficient method for estimating bubble wall velocity
Krajewski, Tomasz
Lewicki, Marek
Merchand, Marco
Nałęcz, Ignacy
Zych, Mateusz
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
We present a unified description of first-order cosmological phase transition dynamics that links the phenomenological friction model employed in hydrodynamic simulations to the microscopic treatment based on Boltzmann equations. We derive an approximate analytical expression for the chemical potential and demonstrate that the resulting friction parameter $\tildeη$ follows a simple power-law dependence on the transition strength ($\propto v_n^4/T_n^4$). Incorporating this scaling into a phenomenological framework accurately reproduces the terminal wall velocities obtained from the full microscopic analysis performed using \texttt{WallGo}. This approach offers an efficient method to quantify out-of-equilibrium contributions to friction and reliably estimate bubble-wall velocities.
title From friction scaling to an efficient method for estimating bubble wall velocity
topic Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.24583