The rise of the black hole X-ray binary AT2019wey observed with TESS
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Jusino, Alyana De, Kishalay Antoni, Andrea |
| author_facet | Jusino, Alyana De, Kishalay Antoni, Andrea |
| contents | Black hole X-ray binaries (BHXRBs) have traditionally been discovered by X-ray surveys with cadences of hours to days. However, large optical time-domain surveys now provide novel avenues for early detection and insights into their elusive outburst triggering mechanisms. We present early-time light curves of the BHXRB AT 2019wey serendipitously observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). The TESS images are sampled at 30 minute cadence from $\approx2$ d prior to $\approx25$ d after outburst, providing the highest time resolution optical rising phase observations of any known BHXRB. We fit a piece-wise power law to the rising light curve, finding an outburst onset time of MJD $58817.86\pm0.09$ and power-law rise index $n=0.74\pm0.04$. The onset time precedes all ground-based optical detections, and suggests that the optical rise began after the start of the faint X-ray brightening in MAXI data. We search for periodic high frequency modulation and detect none exceeding amplitude $\approx0.48$ mJy at periods of $\gtrsim1$ h at 90% confidence. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_24683 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The rise of the black hole X-ray binary AT2019wey observed with TESS Jusino, Alyana De, Kishalay Antoni, Andrea High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Black hole X-ray binaries (BHXRBs) have traditionally been discovered by X-ray surveys with cadences of hours to days. However, large optical time-domain surveys now provide novel avenues for early detection and insights into their elusive outburst triggering mechanisms. We present early-time light curves of the BHXRB AT 2019wey serendipitously observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). The TESS images are sampled at 30 minute cadence from $\approx2$ d prior to $\approx25$ d after outburst, providing the highest time resolution optical rising phase observations of any known BHXRB. We fit a piece-wise power law to the rising light curve, finding an outburst onset time of MJD $58817.86\pm0.09$ and power-law rise index $n=0.74\pm0.04$. The onset time precedes all ground-based optical detections, and suggests that the optical rise began after the start of the faint X-ray brightening in MAXI data. We search for periodic high frequency modulation and detect none exceeding amplitude $\approx0.48$ mJy at periods of $\gtrsim1$ h at 90% confidence. |
| title | The rise of the black hole X-ray binary AT2019wey observed with TESS |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.24683 |