Imaging the Meissner effect and local superfluid stiffness in a graphene superconductor
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arXiv
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2026
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| author | Zhang, Ruoxi Foutty, Benjamin A. Sheekey, Owen Arp, Trevor Xu, Siyuan Xie, Tian Guo, Yi Stoyanov, Hari Gu, Sherlock Keough, Aidan Redekop, Evgeny Zhang, Canxun Taniguchi, Takashi Watanabe, Kenji Huber, Martin E. Jin, Chenhao Berg, Erez Young, Andrea F. |
| author_facet | Zhang, Ruoxi Foutty, Benjamin A. Sheekey, Owen Arp, Trevor Xu, Siyuan Xie, Tian Guo, Yi Stoyanov, Hari Gu, Sherlock Keough, Aidan Redekop, Evgeny Zhang, Canxun Taniguchi, Takashi Watanabe, Kenji Huber, Martin E. Jin, Chenhao Berg, Erez Young, Andrea F. |
| contents | We report the observation of the Meissner effect in a rhombohedral graphene superconductor, realized via direct imaging of the static fringe magnetic field. In our few-micron sample, the onset of superconductivity manifests as a diamagnetic response that screens only $\sim 100$ ppm of the applied magnetic field. Tracking the evolution of the resulting nanotesla-scale fields in real space allows us to observe the entry of superconducting vortices and map the local superfluid stiffness, $ρ_s$. Correlating fringe field signals from both Meissner screening and magnetically ordered states, we show that superconductivity onsets in the midst of a continuous quantum phase transition to a canted spin ferromagnet. Within the superconducting state, we find the temperature dependence of $ρ_s$ to be incompatible with isotropic Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory and the zero-temperature stiffness $ρ_s^0$ to be linearly proportional to $T_c$, constraining future theoretical models of superconductivity in this system. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_25807 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Imaging the Meissner effect and local superfluid stiffness in a graphene superconductor Zhang, Ruoxi Foutty, Benjamin A. Sheekey, Owen Arp, Trevor Xu, Siyuan Xie, Tian Guo, Yi Stoyanov, Hari Gu, Sherlock Keough, Aidan Redekop, Evgeny Zhang, Canxun Taniguchi, Takashi Watanabe, Kenji Huber, Martin E. Jin, Chenhao Berg, Erez Young, Andrea F. Superconductivity Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics We report the observation of the Meissner effect in a rhombohedral graphene superconductor, realized via direct imaging of the static fringe magnetic field. In our few-micron sample, the onset of superconductivity manifests as a diamagnetic response that screens only $\sim 100$ ppm of the applied magnetic field. Tracking the evolution of the resulting nanotesla-scale fields in real space allows us to observe the entry of superconducting vortices and map the local superfluid stiffness, $ρ_s$. Correlating fringe field signals from both Meissner screening and magnetically ordered states, we show that superconductivity onsets in the midst of a continuous quantum phase transition to a canted spin ferromagnet. Within the superconducting state, we find the temperature dependence of $ρ_s$ to be incompatible with isotropic Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory and the zero-temperature stiffness $ρ_s^0$ to be linearly proportional to $T_c$, constraining future theoretical models of superconductivity in this system. |
| title | Imaging the Meissner effect and local superfluid stiffness in a graphene superconductor |
| topic | Superconductivity Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.25807 |