Tracing the Evolution of $Ω_m(z)$ over the Last 10 Billion Years with Non-parametric Methods

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Holanda, R. F. L., Jesus, J. F., Santana, Z. C., Nunes, R. C.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866918411458576384
author Holanda, R. F. L.
Jesus, J. F.
Santana, Z. C.
Nunes, R. C.
author_facet Holanda, R. F. L.
Jesus, J. F.
Santana, Z. C.
Nunes, R. C.
contents We investigate the redshift evolution of the matter density parameter, $Ω_m(z)$, using galaxy cluster gas mass fraction measurements combined with cosmic chronometer $H(z)$ data and type Ia supernova luminosity distances. Our approach employs Gaussian Process Regression to reconstruct $Ω_m(z)$ in a non-parametric way, remaining only weakly dependent on a specific background cosmology. The reconstructed evolution is consistent with the standard $ρ_m \propto (1+z)^3$ scaling predicted by the $Λ$CDM model. We obtain $Ω_{m0}=0.296 \pm 0.044$ from the 44-cluster sample, and $Ω_{m0}=0.271 \pm 0.016$, $0.253 \pm 0.017$, and $0.210 \pm 0.013$ for the 103-cluster compilation, depending on the assumed mass calibration. While $Ω_m(z)$ follows the expected redshift behaviour, the inferred value of $Ω_{m0}$ shows a strong dependence on the cluster mass calibration. Within this framework, mass bias emerges as the dominant source of uncertainty, exceeding statistical errors.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_25851
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Tracing the Evolution of $Ω_m(z)$ over the Last 10 Billion Years with Non-parametric Methods
Holanda, R. F. L.
Jesus, J. F.
Santana, Z. C.
Nunes, R. C.
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
We investigate the redshift evolution of the matter density parameter, $Ω_m(z)$, using galaxy cluster gas mass fraction measurements combined with cosmic chronometer $H(z)$ data and type Ia supernova luminosity distances. Our approach employs Gaussian Process Regression to reconstruct $Ω_m(z)$ in a non-parametric way, remaining only weakly dependent on a specific background cosmology. The reconstructed evolution is consistent with the standard $ρ_m \propto (1+z)^3$ scaling predicted by the $Λ$CDM model. We obtain $Ω_{m0}=0.296 \pm 0.044$ from the 44-cluster sample, and $Ω_{m0}=0.271 \pm 0.016$, $0.253 \pm 0.017$, and $0.210 \pm 0.013$ for the 103-cluster compilation, depending on the assumed mass calibration. While $Ω_m(z)$ follows the expected redshift behaviour, the inferred value of $Ω_{m0}$ shows a strong dependence on the cluster mass calibration. Within this framework, mass bias emerges as the dominant source of uncertainty, exceeding statistical errors.
title Tracing the Evolution of $Ω_m(z)$ over the Last 10 Billion Years with Non-parametric Methods
topic Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.25851