Approximate Error Correction for Quantum Simulations of SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theories
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866917516264079360 |
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| author | Bradshaw, Zachary P. |
| author_facet | Bradshaw, Zachary P. |
| contents | We present a protocol for actively suppressing Gauss law violations in quantum simulations of SU(2) lattice gauge theory. Mid-circuit measurements extract a syndrome $(J,M,N)$ characterising the gauge-violation sector at each vertex by resolving both the total angular momentum and the magnetic quantum numbers of the violation through a group quantum Fourier transform. A syndrome-conditional recovery operation maps the state back to the gauge-invariant subspace, and the procedure is iterated as a sweep over vertices in a process we call gauge cooling. We prove that every single-qubit Pauli error at a coordination-four vertex with four spin-$1/2$ edges is detected by the gauge syndrome, and we show that the Knill--Laflamme conditions fail for syndrome-based recovery alone whenever the singlet multiplicity exceeds one. The residual physical-subspace errors carry a structured Pauli decomposition with vanishing $Y$ component, which suggests compatibility with concatenation by a CSS stabilizer code. We demonstrate the protocol on a single-plaquette simulation of the Kogut--Susskind Hamiltonian truncated to the spin-$1/2$ representation under depolarising and amplitude damping noise, and we observe that gauge cooling restores approximate gauge invariance and improves fidelity at noise rates representative of current superconducting hardware. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_26819 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Approximate Error Correction for Quantum Simulations of SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theories Bradshaw, Zachary P. Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Lattice 81P73 (Primary) 81T13 (Secondary) We present a protocol for actively suppressing Gauss law violations in quantum simulations of SU(2) lattice gauge theory. Mid-circuit measurements extract a syndrome $(J,M,N)$ characterising the gauge-violation sector at each vertex by resolving both the total angular momentum and the magnetic quantum numbers of the violation through a group quantum Fourier transform. A syndrome-conditional recovery operation maps the state back to the gauge-invariant subspace, and the procedure is iterated as a sweep over vertices in a process we call gauge cooling. We prove that every single-qubit Pauli error at a coordination-four vertex with four spin-$1/2$ edges is detected by the gauge syndrome, and we show that the Knill--Laflamme conditions fail for syndrome-based recovery alone whenever the singlet multiplicity exceeds one. The residual physical-subspace errors carry a structured Pauli decomposition with vanishing $Y$ component, which suggests compatibility with concatenation by a CSS stabilizer code. We demonstrate the protocol on a single-plaquette simulation of the Kogut--Susskind Hamiltonian truncated to the spin-$1/2$ representation under depolarising and amplitude damping noise, and we observe that gauge cooling restores approximate gauge invariance and improves fidelity at noise rates representative of current superconducting hardware. |
| title | Approximate Error Correction for Quantum Simulations of SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theories |
| topic | Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Lattice 81P73 (Primary) 81T13 (Secondary) |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.26819 |