Model-independent test of the cosmic distance duality relation with recent observational data

Fuente: arXiv
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Autore principale: Wu, Xing
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Wu, Xing
author_facet Wu, Xing
contents We test the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) using two model-independent methods. Method I is based on the PAge parametrization, which characterizes the expansion history in terms of the cosmic age. Parametrizations of possible CDDR violations are constrained using observational data from Type Ia supernovae (SN), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), cosmic chronometers, and gamma-ray bursts (GRB), including the latest PantheonPlus and DES Dovekie SN samples and DESI DR2 BAO data. The results support the validity of the CDDR within $1σ$. Different combinations of data sets are further explored to assess the impact of various probes and calibration choices, demonstrating the robustness of this conclusion. Although GRB data extend to higher redshifts, their constraining power is significantly weaker than that of the other low-redshift probes. The PantheonPlus and DES Dovekie samples yield consistent results. Method II uses a non-parametric Gaussian process reconstruction of the luminosity distance from SN data, combined with BAO measurements to construct the observed CDDR violation and constrain its parametrizations. The results are consistent with those from Method I, and we find no evidence for a violation of the CDDR.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_27616
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Model-independent test of the cosmic distance duality relation with recent observational data
Wu, Xing
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
We test the cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) using two model-independent methods. Method I is based on the PAge parametrization, which characterizes the expansion history in terms of the cosmic age. Parametrizations of possible CDDR violations are constrained using observational data from Type Ia supernovae (SN), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), cosmic chronometers, and gamma-ray bursts (GRB), including the latest PantheonPlus and DES Dovekie SN samples and DESI DR2 BAO data. The results support the validity of the CDDR within $1σ$. Different combinations of data sets are further explored to assess the impact of various probes and calibration choices, demonstrating the robustness of this conclusion. Although GRB data extend to higher redshifts, their constraining power is significantly weaker than that of the other low-redshift probes. The PantheonPlus and DES Dovekie samples yield consistent results. Method II uses a non-parametric Gaussian process reconstruction of the luminosity distance from SN data, combined with BAO measurements to construct the observed CDDR violation and constrain its parametrizations. The results are consistent with those from Method I, and we find no evidence for a violation of the CDDR.
title Model-independent test of the cosmic distance duality relation with recent observational data
topic Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.27616