Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zhang, Zili, Zhong, Yinmin, Yang, Chengxu, Jin, Chao, Wu, Bingyang, Wei, Xinming, Liu, Yuliang, Jin, Xin
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.28101
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866911553109884928
author Zhang, Zili
Zhong, Yinmin
Yang, Chengxu
Jin, Chao
Wu, Bingyang
Wei, Xinming
Liu, Yuliang
Jin, Xin
author_facet Zhang, Zili
Zhong, Yinmin
Yang, Chengxu
Jin, Chao
Wu, Bingyang
Wei, Xinming
Liu, Yuliang
Jin, Xin
contents Agentic Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables LLMs to solve complex tasks by alternating between a data-collection rollout phase and a policy training phase. During rollout, the agent generates trajectories, i.e., multi-step interactions between LLMs and external tools. Yet, frequent tool calls induce long-tailed trajectory generation that bottlenecks rollouts. This stems from step-centric designs that ignore trajectory context, triggering three system problems for long-tail trajectory generation: queueing delays, interference overhead, and inflated per-token time. We propose Heddle, a trajectory-centric system to optimize the when, where, and how of agentic rollout execution. Heddle integrates three core mechanisms: trajectory-level scheduling using runtime prediction and progressive priority to minimize cumulative queueing; trajectory-aware placement via presorted dynamic programming and opportunistic migration during idle tool call intervals to minimize interference; and trajectory-adaptive resource manager that dynamically tunes model parallelism to accelerate the per-token time of long-tail trajectories while maintaining high throughput for short trajectories. Evaluations across diverse agentic RL workloads demonstrate that Heddle effectively neutralizes the long-tail bottleneck, achieving up to 2.5$\times$ higher end-to-end rollout throughput compared to state-of-the-art baselines.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_28101
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Heddle: A Distributed Orchestration System for Agentic RL Rollout
Zhang, Zili
Zhong, Yinmin
Yang, Chengxu
Jin, Chao
Wu, Bingyang
Wei, Xinming
Liu, Yuliang
Jin, Xin
Machine Learning
Agentic Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables LLMs to solve complex tasks by alternating between a data-collection rollout phase and a policy training phase. During rollout, the agent generates trajectories, i.e., multi-step interactions between LLMs and external tools. Yet, frequent tool calls induce long-tailed trajectory generation that bottlenecks rollouts. This stems from step-centric designs that ignore trajectory context, triggering three system problems for long-tail trajectory generation: queueing delays, interference overhead, and inflated per-token time. We propose Heddle, a trajectory-centric system to optimize the when, where, and how of agentic rollout execution. Heddle integrates three core mechanisms: trajectory-level scheduling using runtime prediction and progressive priority to minimize cumulative queueing; trajectory-aware placement via presorted dynamic programming and opportunistic migration during idle tool call intervals to minimize interference; and trajectory-adaptive resource manager that dynamically tunes model parallelism to accelerate the per-token time of long-tail trajectories while maintaining high throughput for short trajectories. Evaluations across diverse agentic RL workloads demonstrate that Heddle effectively neutralizes the long-tail bottleneck, achieving up to 2.5$\times$ higher end-to-end rollout throughput compared to state-of-the-art baselines.
title Heddle: A Distributed Orchestration System for Agentic RL Rollout
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.28101