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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.29400 |
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| _version_ | 1866916067536797696 |
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| author | Acuna-Condori, Kevin Béchadergue, Bastien Guan, Hongyu Chassagne, Luc |
| author_facet | Acuna-Condori, Kevin Béchadergue, Bastien Guan, Hongyu Chassagne, Luc |
| contents | State-of-the-art optical wireless positioning (OWP) commonly reaches centimeter-level accuracy by depending on dense multi-light-emitting diodes (LED) infrastructures, photodiode (PD) arrays, or image-sensor receivers, incurring hardware complexity and deployment cost. This paper introduces a single beam-steered LED, single-PD OWP architecture that achieves three-dimensional (3D) localization without receiver rotation, cameras, or PD arrays; the core idea is to steer the transmitter through K known orientations and exploit the resulting received-signal-strength variations at the PD to estimate LED-to-PD direction and distance. We derive a composite Cramer-Rao lower bound and position-error bound (PEB) for the joint observation model, and cast the steering-pattern design as a genetic algorithm that minimizes the PEB over a 3D testbed. We develop both model-based a constrained nonlinear estimator and closed-form direction estimators: a statistically efficient generalized least squares solution, and a lightweight weighted least squares approximation. Simulations demonstrate centimeter-level accuracy for 3D OWP with a single beam-steered LED and a single PD. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_29400 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Model-Based Beam-Steered Optical Wireless Positioning with Single-LED Single-Photodiode for 3D Localization Acuna-Condori, Kevin Béchadergue, Bastien Guan, Hongyu Chassagne, Luc Optics Information Theory Signal Processing State-of-the-art optical wireless positioning (OWP) commonly reaches centimeter-level accuracy by depending on dense multi-light-emitting diodes (LED) infrastructures, photodiode (PD) arrays, or image-sensor receivers, incurring hardware complexity and deployment cost. This paper introduces a single beam-steered LED, single-PD OWP architecture that achieves three-dimensional (3D) localization without receiver rotation, cameras, or PD arrays; the core idea is to steer the transmitter through K known orientations and exploit the resulting received-signal-strength variations at the PD to estimate LED-to-PD direction and distance. We derive a composite Cramer-Rao lower bound and position-error bound (PEB) for the joint observation model, and cast the steering-pattern design as a genetic algorithm that minimizes the PEB over a 3D testbed. We develop both model-based a constrained nonlinear estimator and closed-form direction estimators: a statistically efficient generalized least squares solution, and a lightweight weighted least squares approximation. Simulations demonstrate centimeter-level accuracy for 3D OWP with a single beam-steered LED and a single PD. |
| title | Model-Based Beam-Steered Optical Wireless Positioning with Single-LED Single-Photodiode for 3D Localization |
| topic | Optics Information Theory Signal Processing |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.29400 |