Continuous three-dimensional imaging of nanoscale dynamics by in situ electron tomography

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Craig, Timothy M., Moncomble, Adrien, Kadu, Ajinkya A., Vinnacombe-Willson, Gail A., Liz-Marzán, Luis M., Girod, Robin, Bals, Sara
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Craig, Timothy M.
Moncomble, Adrien
Kadu, Ajinkya A.
Vinnacombe-Willson, Gail A.
Liz-Marzán, Luis M.
Girod, Robin
Bals, Sara
author_facet Craig, Timothy M.
Moncomble, Adrien
Kadu, Ajinkya A.
Vinnacombe-Willson, Gail A.
Liz-Marzán, Luis M.
Girod, Robin
Bals, Sara
contents Direct observation of nanoscale transformations in three dimensions (3D) is essential for understanding materials evolution under operating conditions, yet dynamic electron tomography remains limited by slow tilt series acquisition and by reconstruction methods that assume static specimens. These constraints prevent continuous 3D imaging of evolving structures and require electron doses that can alter the specimens and their dynamics. Here, we introduce a framework for dynamic electron tomography that combines continuous tilting with a self-supervised deep-learning reconstruction strategy. Our approach incorporates the temporal aspect into the electron tomography reconstruction process to recover 3D volumes at arbitrary time points from a single tilt series. We validate the method using simulations and demonstrate its merit in experimental studies of heat-induced transformations, including morphological evolution of Au nanostars and alloying in Au@Ag nanocubes. Our results establish a practical framework for dynamic, dose-efficient electron tomography, enabling in situ 3D investigation of nanomaterial transformations as well as the characterization of beam-sensitive structures.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_29462
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Continuous three-dimensional imaging of nanoscale dynamics by in situ electron tomography
Craig, Timothy M.
Moncomble, Adrien
Kadu, Ajinkya A.
Vinnacombe-Willson, Gail A.
Liz-Marzán, Luis M.
Girod, Robin
Bals, Sara
Materials Science
Direct observation of nanoscale transformations in three dimensions (3D) is essential for understanding materials evolution under operating conditions, yet dynamic electron tomography remains limited by slow tilt series acquisition and by reconstruction methods that assume static specimens. These constraints prevent continuous 3D imaging of evolving structures and require electron doses that can alter the specimens and their dynamics. Here, we introduce a framework for dynamic electron tomography that combines continuous tilting with a self-supervised deep-learning reconstruction strategy. Our approach incorporates the temporal aspect into the electron tomography reconstruction process to recover 3D volumes at arbitrary time points from a single tilt series. We validate the method using simulations and demonstrate its merit in experimental studies of heat-induced transformations, including morphological evolution of Au nanostars and alloying in Au@Ag nanocubes. Our results establish a practical framework for dynamic, dose-efficient electron tomography, enabling in situ 3D investigation of nanomaterial transformations as well as the characterization of beam-sensitive structures.
title Continuous three-dimensional imaging of nanoscale dynamics by in situ electron tomography
topic Materials Science
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.29462