Constraints on the host galaxy and AGN properties of three z > 6 JWST AGN from NOEMA observations
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2026
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| author | Mazzolari, Giovanni Übler, Hannah Camus, Rodrigo Herrera Davies, Ric Tacconi, Linda Lutz, Dieter Schreiber, Natascha Förster D'Eugenio, Francesco Lee, Minju Barfety, Capucine Bertola, Elena Bunker, Andrew Burkert, Andreas Chen, Jianhang Cresci, Giovanni Eisenhauer, Frank Salcedo, Juan Manuel Espejo Flesch, Simon Genzel, Reinhard Ji, Xihan Lee, Lilian Liu, Daizhong Marconcini, Cosimo Maiolino, Roberto Naab, Thorsten Shachar, Amit Nestor Pannikkote, Meghana Parlanti, Eleonora Pastras, Stavros Perna, Michele Pulsoni, Claudia del Pino, Bruno Rodriguez Sturm, Eckhard Shimizu, Taro Tozzi, Giulia |
| author_facet | Mazzolari, Giovanni Übler, Hannah Camus, Rodrigo Herrera Davies, Ric Tacconi, Linda Lutz, Dieter Schreiber, Natascha Förster D'Eugenio, Francesco Lee, Minju Barfety, Capucine Bertola, Elena Bunker, Andrew Burkert, Andreas Chen, Jianhang Cresci, Giovanni Eisenhauer, Frank Salcedo, Juan Manuel Espejo Flesch, Simon Genzel, Reinhard Ji, Xihan Lee, Lilian Liu, Daizhong Marconcini, Cosimo Maiolino, Roberto Naab, Thorsten Shachar, Amit Nestor Pannikkote, Meghana Parlanti, Eleonora Pastras, Stavros Perna, Michele Pulsoni, Claudia del Pino, Bruno Rodriguez Sturm, Eckhard Shimizu, Taro Tozzi, Giulia |
| contents | We targeted with deep NOEMA observations the [CII]158$μ$m emission of three JWST-discovered AGN at z>6. Two of them have the typical features of Little Red Dots (LRDs), while the third one is a blue, extended, Type I AGN. We do not significantly detect [CII] emission or dust continuum in any of the targets, even after stacking. The resulting [CII] luminosity upper limits, $\log (L_{[CII]}/L_{\odot})<7.77-8.1$, lie $\sim2σ$ below the values expected from the [CII]-SFR relation, and we explore different scenarios to explain the lack of [CII]. We obtained upper limits on the gas masses of $\log (M_{gas}/M_{\odot})<9.26-9.59$ corresponding to $\log( M_{dust}/M_{\odot})<5.68-6.55$ assuming a metallicity dependent dust to gas ratio. Using the continuum non-detections (rms $\sim 16-25 ~μJy$) together with JWST/MIRI constraints, we performed a revised SED-fitting decomposition, resulting in stellar masses up to $\sim 2$ dex lower than previously reported, and implying $0.03\lesssim M_{BH}/M_{*}\lesssim0.7$. For the two LRDs, the SED is well reproduced by stellar emission in the rest-frame UV, while the rising rest-frame optical slope, flattening toward the near-infrared, is consistent with emission from a Type I AGN partially obscured along the polar direction with $E(B-V)_{\rm polar}\simeq 1$, in agreement with attenuation derived from the broad lines Balmer decrement. This decomposition demonstrates that a relatively standard AGN configuration can reproduce the SEDs of the two LRDs, without invoking more exotic scenarios. Finally, we investigate the positions of the three sources in the $IRX-β_{UV}$ plane, finding that they lie in a parameter space where galaxies are typically characterized by patchy dust distributions. Our analysis highlights the importance of millimeter constraints to characterize the different physical properties of high-z AGN. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_29652 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Constraints on the host galaxy and AGN properties of three z > 6 JWST AGN from NOEMA observations Mazzolari, Giovanni Übler, Hannah Camus, Rodrigo Herrera Davies, Ric Tacconi, Linda Lutz, Dieter Schreiber, Natascha Förster D'Eugenio, Francesco Lee, Minju Barfety, Capucine Bertola, Elena Bunker, Andrew Burkert, Andreas Chen, Jianhang Cresci, Giovanni Eisenhauer, Frank Salcedo, Juan Manuel Espejo Flesch, Simon Genzel, Reinhard Ji, Xihan Lee, Lilian Liu, Daizhong Marconcini, Cosimo Maiolino, Roberto Naab, Thorsten Shachar, Amit Nestor Pannikkote, Meghana Parlanti, Eleonora Pastras, Stavros Perna, Michele Pulsoni, Claudia del Pino, Bruno Rodriguez Sturm, Eckhard Shimizu, Taro Tozzi, Giulia Astrophysics of Galaxies Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics We targeted with deep NOEMA observations the [CII]158$μ$m emission of three JWST-discovered AGN at z>6. Two of them have the typical features of Little Red Dots (LRDs), while the third one is a blue, extended, Type I AGN. We do not significantly detect [CII] emission or dust continuum in any of the targets, even after stacking. The resulting [CII] luminosity upper limits, $\log (L_{[CII]}/L_{\odot})<7.77-8.1$, lie $\sim2σ$ below the values expected from the [CII]-SFR relation, and we explore different scenarios to explain the lack of [CII]. We obtained upper limits on the gas masses of $\log (M_{gas}/M_{\odot})<9.26-9.59$ corresponding to $\log( M_{dust}/M_{\odot})<5.68-6.55$ assuming a metallicity dependent dust to gas ratio. Using the continuum non-detections (rms $\sim 16-25 ~μJy$) together with JWST/MIRI constraints, we performed a revised SED-fitting decomposition, resulting in stellar masses up to $\sim 2$ dex lower than previously reported, and implying $0.03\lesssim M_{BH}/M_{*}\lesssim0.7$. For the two LRDs, the SED is well reproduced by stellar emission in the rest-frame UV, while the rising rest-frame optical slope, flattening toward the near-infrared, is consistent with emission from a Type I AGN partially obscured along the polar direction with $E(B-V)_{\rm polar}\simeq 1$, in agreement with attenuation derived from the broad lines Balmer decrement. This decomposition demonstrates that a relatively standard AGN configuration can reproduce the SEDs of the two LRDs, without invoking more exotic scenarios. Finally, we investigate the positions of the three sources in the $IRX-β_{UV}$ plane, finding that they lie in a parameter space where galaxies are typically characterized by patchy dust distributions. Our analysis highlights the importance of millimeter constraints to characterize the different physical properties of high-z AGN. |
| title | Constraints on the host galaxy and AGN properties of three z > 6 JWST AGN from NOEMA observations |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.29652 |