A Comprehensive Corpus of Biomechanically Constrained Piano Chords: Generation, Analysis, and Implications for Voicing and Psychoacoustics

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1. Verfasser: Ramani, Mahesh
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Ramani, Mahesh
author_facet Ramani, Mahesh
contents I present the generation and analysis of the largest known open-source corpus of playable piano chords (approximately 19.3 million entries). This dataset enumerates the two-handed search space subject to biomechanical constraints (two hands, each with 1.5 octave reach) to an unprecedented extent. To demonstrate the corpus's utility, the relationship between voicing shape and psychoacoustic targets was modeled. Harmonicity proved intrinsic to pitch-class identity: voicing statistics added negligible variance ($ΔR^2 \approx 0.014\%$, $p \approx 0.13$). Conversely, voicing significantly predicted dissonance ($ΔR^2 \approx 6.75\%$, $p \approx 0.0008$). Crucially, skewness ($β\approx +0.145$) was approximately 5.8$\times$ more effective than spread ($β\approx -0.025$) at predicting roughness. The analysis challenges the pedagogical emphasis on ``spread'': skewness is a stronger predictor of dissonance than spread. This suggests that clarity in ``open voicings'' is driven less by width than by negative skewness; achieving lower-register clearance by placing wide gaps at the bottom and allowing tighter clustering in the treble. The results demonstrate the corpus's ability to enable future research, especially in areas such as generative modeling, voice-leading topology, and psychoacoustic analysis.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_29710
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle A Comprehensive Corpus of Biomechanically Constrained Piano Chords: Generation, Analysis, and Implications for Voicing and Psychoacoustics
Ramani, Mahesh
Sound
Audio and Speech Processing
00A65
I present the generation and analysis of the largest known open-source corpus of playable piano chords (approximately 19.3 million entries). This dataset enumerates the two-handed search space subject to biomechanical constraints (two hands, each with 1.5 octave reach) to an unprecedented extent. To demonstrate the corpus's utility, the relationship between voicing shape and psychoacoustic targets was modeled. Harmonicity proved intrinsic to pitch-class identity: voicing statistics added negligible variance ($ΔR^2 \approx 0.014\%$, $p \approx 0.13$). Conversely, voicing significantly predicted dissonance ($ΔR^2 \approx 6.75\%$, $p \approx 0.0008$). Crucially, skewness ($β\approx +0.145$) was approximately 5.8$\times$ more effective than spread ($β\approx -0.025$) at predicting roughness. The analysis challenges the pedagogical emphasis on ``spread'': skewness is a stronger predictor of dissonance than spread. This suggests that clarity in ``open voicings'' is driven less by width than by negative skewness; achieving lower-register clearance by placing wide gaps at the bottom and allowing tighter clustering in the treble. The results demonstrate the corpus's ability to enable future research, especially in areas such as generative modeling, voice-leading topology, and psychoacoustic analysis.
title A Comprehensive Corpus of Biomechanically Constrained Piano Chords: Generation, Analysis, and Implications for Voicing and Psychoacoustics
topic Sound
Audio and Speech Processing
00A65
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.29710