Fast elementwise operations on tensor trains with alternating cross interpolation

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Author: Ritter, Marc K.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Ritter, Marc K.
author_facet Ritter, Marc K.
contents Tensor trains (TTs), also known as matrix product states (MPS), are compressed representations of high-dimensional data that can be efficiently manipulated to perform calculations on the data. In many applications, such as TT-based solvers for nonlinear partial differential equations, the most expensive step is an elementwise multiplication or similar elementwise operation on multiple TTs. Known error-controlled algorithms for such operations scale as $O(χ^4)$, where $χ$ is the TT rank. If the rank of the output is smaller than $χ^2$, it is possible to formulate algorithms with better scaling. In this work, we present the alternating cross interpolation (ACI) algorithm that performs such operations in $O(χ^3)$, while maintaining error control. We demonstrate these properties on benchmark problems, achieving a significant speedup for TT ranks that are commonly encountered in practical applications.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_00037
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Fast elementwise operations on tensor trains with alternating cross interpolation
Ritter, Marc K.
Numerical Analysis
Computational Physics
Quantum Physics
Tensor trains (TTs), also known as matrix product states (MPS), are compressed representations of high-dimensional data that can be efficiently manipulated to perform calculations on the data. In many applications, such as TT-based solvers for nonlinear partial differential equations, the most expensive step is an elementwise multiplication or similar elementwise operation on multiple TTs. Known error-controlled algorithms for such operations scale as $O(χ^4)$, where $χ$ is the TT rank. If the rank of the output is smaller than $χ^2$, it is possible to formulate algorithms with better scaling. In this work, we present the alternating cross interpolation (ACI) algorithm that performs such operations in $O(χ^3)$, while maintaining error control. We demonstrate these properties on benchmark problems, achieving a significant speedup for TT ranks that are commonly encountered in practical applications.
title Fast elementwise operations on tensor trains with alternating cross interpolation
topic Numerical Analysis
Computational Physics
Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00037