Structured detection microscopy
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866917376020185088 |
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| author | Booth, Larnii Clunies-Ross, Kyle Amor, Rumelo Mauranyapin, Nicolas Huang, Zixin Taylor, Michael A. Bowen, Warwick P. |
| author_facet | Booth, Larnii Clunies-Ross, Kyle Amor, Rumelo Mauranyapin, Nicolas Huang, Zixin Taylor, Michael A. Bowen, Warwick P. |
| contents | Super-resolution microscopy is crucial for imaging sub-wavelength biological structures. However, most techniques rely on nonlinear saturation or stochastic switching of emitters, limiting imaging speed and increasing phototoxicity. Here, we achieve deep super-resolution without employing saturation or stochastic dynamics, instead using a form of spatial mode demultiplexing. By shaping the point-spread function of the emitted light, our Structured Detection Microscope (SDM) redistributes information away from high shot-noise regions of the image, enhancing sensitivity to sub-diffraction emitter separations in two-dimensions and without mode-sorting optics. Implementing SDM within a high-numerical aperture total internal reflection fluorescence microscope, we demonstrate imaging of fluorophores attached to DNA nanorulers with separations as small as 50 nm at resolutions surpassing 40 nm - fivefold below the diffraction limit. This shows that spatial mode demultiplexing can achieve far sub-wavelength resolution and is applicable to biologically relevant samples. By enabling super-resolution biomolecular imaging without emitter saturation and stochasticity, our work opens the door to better understanding biological structure, function and dynamics. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_00413 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Structured detection microscopy Booth, Larnii Clunies-Ross, Kyle Amor, Rumelo Mauranyapin, Nicolas Huang, Zixin Taylor, Michael A. Bowen, Warwick P. Optics Quantum Physics Super-resolution microscopy is crucial for imaging sub-wavelength biological structures. However, most techniques rely on nonlinear saturation or stochastic switching of emitters, limiting imaging speed and increasing phototoxicity. Here, we achieve deep super-resolution without employing saturation or stochastic dynamics, instead using a form of spatial mode demultiplexing. By shaping the point-spread function of the emitted light, our Structured Detection Microscope (SDM) redistributes information away from high shot-noise regions of the image, enhancing sensitivity to sub-diffraction emitter separations in two-dimensions and without mode-sorting optics. Implementing SDM within a high-numerical aperture total internal reflection fluorescence microscope, we demonstrate imaging of fluorophores attached to DNA nanorulers with separations as small as 50 nm at resolutions surpassing 40 nm - fivefold below the diffraction limit. This shows that spatial mode demultiplexing can achieve far sub-wavelength resolution and is applicable to biologically relevant samples. By enabling super-resolution biomolecular imaging without emitter saturation and stochasticity, our work opens the door to better understanding biological structure, function and dynamics. |
| title | Structured detection microscopy |
| topic | Optics Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00413 |