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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00431 |
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| _version_ | 1866908930120089600 |
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| author | Dong, Hao Zhang, Tian-Jiao Chen, Yan-Wei Sun, Wei Jiang, Cong Huang, Sanli Li, Shuyi Ma, Di Wang, Xiang-Bin Liu, Yang Liu, Junqiu Zhang, Qiang Pan, Jian-Wei |
| author_facet | Dong, Hao Zhang, Tian-Jiao Chen, Yan-Wei Sun, Wei Jiang, Cong Huang, Sanli Li, Shuyi Ma, Di Wang, Xiang-Bin Liu, Yang Liu, Junqiu Zhang, Qiang Pan, Jian-Wei |
| contents | Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) dramatically enhances the secure key rate (SKR) over inter-city distances through its square-root scaling. Further improvements in aggregate SKR can be achieved by wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) of parallel QKD channels. However, direct implementation in TF-QKD poses significant challenges, as each wavelength channel requires an independent ultra-stable seed laser, narrow-linewidth transmitters, and optical phase-locked loops (OPLLs), which are not easily scalable. Here, we circumvent these limitations by employing two independent, integrated dissipative Kerr soliton (DKS) microcombs at Alice and Bob as multi-wavelength sources. High-visibility single-photon interference across all wavelength channels is achieved by stabilizing the frequencies of every comb line - requiring only the stabilization of the pump wavelength and repetition rates of the two microcombs. Based on this architecture, we perform a full TF-QKD experiment using the sending-or-not-sending protocol, achieving a total SKR of 1.57 Mbps over 201.1 km of fiber using 16 DWDM channels. This result represents more than an order-of-magnitude enhancement compared with single-wavelength TF-QKD at the same distance. Given that a single DKS comb can support over 100 coherent lines across the C-band, this approach offers a scalable pathway toward high-rate quantum key distribution over inter-city distances. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_00431 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | 1-Mbps Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution over 200 km Using Independent Dissipative Kerr Solitons Dong, Hao Zhang, Tian-Jiao Chen, Yan-Wei Sun, Wei Jiang, Cong Huang, Sanli Li, Shuyi Ma, Di Wang, Xiang-Bin Liu, Yang Liu, Junqiu Zhang, Qiang Pan, Jian-Wei Quantum Physics Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) dramatically enhances the secure key rate (SKR) over inter-city distances through its square-root scaling. Further improvements in aggregate SKR can be achieved by wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) of parallel QKD channels. However, direct implementation in TF-QKD poses significant challenges, as each wavelength channel requires an independent ultra-stable seed laser, narrow-linewidth transmitters, and optical phase-locked loops (OPLLs), which are not easily scalable. Here, we circumvent these limitations by employing two independent, integrated dissipative Kerr soliton (DKS) microcombs at Alice and Bob as multi-wavelength sources. High-visibility single-photon interference across all wavelength channels is achieved by stabilizing the frequencies of every comb line - requiring only the stabilization of the pump wavelength and repetition rates of the two microcombs. Based on this architecture, we perform a full TF-QKD experiment using the sending-or-not-sending protocol, achieving a total SKR of 1.57 Mbps over 201.1 km of fiber using 16 DWDM channels. This result represents more than an order-of-magnitude enhancement compared with single-wavelength TF-QKD at the same distance. Given that a single DKS comb can support over 100 coherent lines across the C-band, this approach offers a scalable pathway toward high-rate quantum key distribution over inter-city distances. |
| title | 1-Mbps Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution over 200 km Using Independent Dissipative Kerr Solitons |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00431 |