Evidence Units: Ontology-Grounded Document Organization for Parser-Independent Retrieval
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866908930277376000 |
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| author | Han, Yeonjee |
| author_facet | Han, Yeonjee |
| contents | Structured documents--tables paired with captions, figures with explanations, equations with the paragraphs that interpret them--are routinely fragmented when indexed for retrieval. Element-level indexing treats every parsed element as an independent chunk, scattering semantically cohesive units across separate retrieval candidates. This paper presents a parser-independent pipeline that constructs Evidence Units (EUs): semantically complete document chunks that group visual assets with their contextual text. We introduce four contributions: (1) ontology-grounded role normalization extending DoCO that maps heterogeneous parser outputs to a unified semantic schema; (2) a semantic global assignment algorithm that optimally assigns paragraphs to EUs via a full similarity matrix; (3) a graph-based decision layer in Neo4j that formalizes EU construction rules and validates completeness through two invariants; and (4) cross-parser validation showing EU spatial footprints converge across MinerU and Docling, with gains preserved under parser-induced bbox variance. Experiments on OmniDocBench v1.0 (1,340 pages; 1,551 QA pairs) show EU-based chunking improves retrieval LCS by +0.31 (0.50 to 0.81). Recall@1 increases from 0.15 to 0.51 (3.4x) and MinK decreases from 2.58 to 1.72. Cross-parser results confirm the gain (LCS +0.23 to +0.31) is preserved across parsers. Text queries show the most dramatic gain: Recall@1 rises from 0.08 to 0.47. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_00500 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Evidence Units: Ontology-Grounded Document Organization for Parser-Independent Retrieval Han, Yeonjee Information Retrieval Structured documents--tables paired with captions, figures with explanations, equations with the paragraphs that interpret them--are routinely fragmented when indexed for retrieval. Element-level indexing treats every parsed element as an independent chunk, scattering semantically cohesive units across separate retrieval candidates. This paper presents a parser-independent pipeline that constructs Evidence Units (EUs): semantically complete document chunks that group visual assets with their contextual text. We introduce four contributions: (1) ontology-grounded role normalization extending DoCO that maps heterogeneous parser outputs to a unified semantic schema; (2) a semantic global assignment algorithm that optimally assigns paragraphs to EUs via a full similarity matrix; (3) a graph-based decision layer in Neo4j that formalizes EU construction rules and validates completeness through two invariants; and (4) cross-parser validation showing EU spatial footprints converge across MinerU and Docling, with gains preserved under parser-induced bbox variance. Experiments on OmniDocBench v1.0 (1,340 pages; 1,551 QA pairs) show EU-based chunking improves retrieval LCS by +0.31 (0.50 to 0.81). Recall@1 increases from 0.15 to 0.51 (3.4x) and MinK decreases from 2.58 to 1.72. Cross-parser results confirm the gain (LCS +0.23 to +0.31) is preserved across parsers. Text queries show the most dramatic gain: Recall@1 rises from 0.08 to 0.47. |
| title | Evidence Units: Ontology-Grounded Document Organization for Parser-Independent Retrieval |
| topic | Information Retrieval |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00500 |