Quantum-Safe Code Auditing: LLM-Assisted Static Analysis and Quantum-Aware Risk Scoring for Post-Quantum Cryptography Migration
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866917504539951104 |
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| author | Shaw, Animesh |
| author_facet | Shaw, Animesh |
| contents | The impending arrival of cryptographically relevant quantum computers (CRQCs) threatens the security foundations of modern software: Shor's algorithm breaks RSA, ECDSA, ECDH, and Diffie-Hellman, while Grover's algorithm reduces the effective security of symmetric and hash-based schemes. Despite NIST standardising post-quantum cryptography (PQC) in 2024 (FIPS 203 ML-KEM, FIPS 204 ML-DSA, FIPS 205 SLH-DSA), most codebases lack automated tooling to inventory classical cryptographic usage and prioritise migration based on quantum risk. We present Quantum-Safe Code Auditor, a quantum-aware static analysis framework that combines (i) regex-based detection of 15 classes of quantum-vulnerable primitives, (ii) LLM-assisted contextual enrichment to classify usage and severity, and (iii) risk scoring via a Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) model implemented in Qiskit 2.x, incorporating qubit-cost estimates to prioritise findings. We evaluate the system across five open-source libraries -- python-rsa, python-ecdsa, python-jose, node-jsonwebtoken, and Bouncy Castle Java -- covering 5,775 findings. On a stratified sample of 602 labelled instances, we achieve 71.98% precision, 100% recall, and an F1 score of 83.71%. All code, data, and reproduction scripts are released as open-source. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_00560 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quantum-Safe Code Auditing: LLM-Assisted Static Analysis and Quantum-Aware Risk Scoring for Post-Quantum Cryptography Migration Shaw, Animesh Cryptography and Security Software Engineering Quantum Physics D.2.5; E.3; K.6.5 The impending arrival of cryptographically relevant quantum computers (CRQCs) threatens the security foundations of modern software: Shor's algorithm breaks RSA, ECDSA, ECDH, and Diffie-Hellman, while Grover's algorithm reduces the effective security of symmetric and hash-based schemes. Despite NIST standardising post-quantum cryptography (PQC) in 2024 (FIPS 203 ML-KEM, FIPS 204 ML-DSA, FIPS 205 SLH-DSA), most codebases lack automated tooling to inventory classical cryptographic usage and prioritise migration based on quantum risk. We present Quantum-Safe Code Auditor, a quantum-aware static analysis framework that combines (i) regex-based detection of 15 classes of quantum-vulnerable primitives, (ii) LLM-assisted contextual enrichment to classify usage and severity, and (iii) risk scoring via a Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) model implemented in Qiskit 2.x, incorporating qubit-cost estimates to prioritise findings. We evaluate the system across five open-source libraries -- python-rsa, python-ecdsa, python-jose, node-jsonwebtoken, and Bouncy Castle Java -- covering 5,775 findings. On a stratified sample of 602 labelled instances, we achieve 71.98% precision, 100% recall, and an F1 score of 83.71%. All code, data, and reproduction scripts are released as open-source. |
| title | Quantum-Safe Code Auditing: LLM-Assisted Static Analysis and Quantum-Aware Risk Scoring for Post-Quantum Cryptography Migration |
| topic | Cryptography and Security Software Engineering Quantum Physics D.2.5; E.3; K.6.5 |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00560 |