Nonequilibrium phase transition of dissipative fermionic superfluids: Case study of multi-terminal Josephson junctions
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866911559519830016 |
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| author | Takemori, Soma Yamamoto, Kazuki |
| author_facet | Takemori, Soma Yamamoto, Kazuki |
| contents | We investigate nonequilibrium dynamics of a triad of fermionic superfluids connected via Josephson junctions, following sudden switch-on of two-body loss in one of the three superfluids. By formulating the dissipative BCS theory for the Lindblad equation, we find that the superfluid order parameter exhibits a phase rotation, thereby giving rise to three types of dc Josephson currents corresponding to different junctions. We demonstrate that, when the tunneling amplitude $V_{31}$ between superfluids without two-body loss is weak, two-step nonequilibrium dynamical phase transition (NDPT) characterized by the vanishing dc Josephson currents occurs: dissipation first induces the NDPT by making one dc Josephson current finite, while further increasing dissipation makes this remaining dc Josephson current vanish. By contrast, when $V_{31}$ is strong, dissipation induces the NDPT in which all dc Josephson currents simultaneously vanish. An analytical study based on a simplified model further supports this observation. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_00574 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Nonequilibrium phase transition of dissipative fermionic superfluids: Case study of multi-terminal Josephson junctions Takemori, Soma Yamamoto, Kazuki Quantum Gases Statistical Mechanics Strongly Correlated Electrons Superconductivity Quantum Physics We investigate nonequilibrium dynamics of a triad of fermionic superfluids connected via Josephson junctions, following sudden switch-on of two-body loss in one of the three superfluids. By formulating the dissipative BCS theory for the Lindblad equation, we find that the superfluid order parameter exhibits a phase rotation, thereby giving rise to three types of dc Josephson currents corresponding to different junctions. We demonstrate that, when the tunneling amplitude $V_{31}$ between superfluids without two-body loss is weak, two-step nonequilibrium dynamical phase transition (NDPT) characterized by the vanishing dc Josephson currents occurs: dissipation first induces the NDPT by making one dc Josephson current finite, while further increasing dissipation makes this remaining dc Josephson current vanish. By contrast, when $V_{31}$ is strong, dissipation induces the NDPT in which all dc Josephson currents simultaneously vanish. An analytical study based on a simplified model further supports this observation. |
| title | Nonequilibrium phase transition of dissipative fermionic superfluids: Case study of multi-terminal Josephson junctions |
| topic | Quantum Gases Statistical Mechanics Strongly Correlated Electrons Superconductivity Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00574 |