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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.02594 |
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| _version_ | 1866913001038151680 |
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| author | CMS Collaboration |
| author_facet | CMS Collaboration |
| contents | Evidence of the production of two Z bosons and a photon in proton-proton collisions is reported for the first time in CMS. The analysis uses data collected by the CMS experiment between 2016 and 2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. The first evidence for the process pp $\to$ ZZ$γ$ $\to$ 4$\ellγ$ ($\ell$ = e, $μ$), with an observed (expected) significance of 3.7 (3.1) standard deviations in a fiducial region defined by $p_\mathrm{T}^γ$ $\gt$ 20 GeV, $\lvertη^γ\rvert$ $\lt$ 2.4, $ΔR(\ell,γ)$ $\gt$ 0.5, $m_\text{Z}$ between 60 and 120 GeV, and the invariant mass of either of the two Z bosons combined with the photon ($m_{\text{Z}γ}$) larger than 100 GeV, is reported. The measured (predicted) fiducial cross section is 60$^{+27}_{-22}$ ab (47.56 $\pm$ 0.04 ab). Additionally, the inclusive production of pp $\to$ 4$\ellγ$ is studied by removing the $m_{\text{Z}γ}$ requirement to include final state radiation where one Z boson decays to 2$\ellγ$, yielding an observed (expected) significance of 5.0 (4.2) standard deviations and a measured (predicted) fiducial cross section of 156$^{+39}_{-35}$ ab (99.97 $\pm$ 0.09 ab). |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_02594 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Evidence of ZZ$γ$ production and observation of $4\ellγ$ in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV CMS Collaboration High Energy Physics - Experiment Evidence of the production of two Z bosons and a photon in proton-proton collisions is reported for the first time in CMS. The analysis uses data collected by the CMS experiment between 2016 and 2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. The first evidence for the process pp $\to$ ZZ$γ$ $\to$ 4$\ellγ$ ($\ell$ = e, $μ$), with an observed (expected) significance of 3.7 (3.1) standard deviations in a fiducial region defined by $p_\mathrm{T}^γ$ $\gt$ 20 GeV, $\lvertη^γ\rvert$ $\lt$ 2.4, $ΔR(\ell,γ)$ $\gt$ 0.5, $m_\text{Z}$ between 60 and 120 GeV, and the invariant mass of either of the two Z bosons combined with the photon ($m_{\text{Z}γ}$) larger than 100 GeV, is reported. The measured (predicted) fiducial cross section is 60$^{+27}_{-22}$ ab (47.56 $\pm$ 0.04 ab). Additionally, the inclusive production of pp $\to$ 4$\ellγ$ is studied by removing the $m_{\text{Z}γ}$ requirement to include final state radiation where one Z boson decays to 2$\ellγ$, yielding an observed (expected) significance of 5.0 (4.2) standard deviations and a measured (predicted) fiducial cross section of 156$^{+39}_{-35}$ ab (99.97 $\pm$ 0.09 ab). |
| title | Evidence of ZZ$γ$ production and observation of $4\ellγ$ in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Experiment |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.02594 |