Fully Byzantine-Resilient Distributed Multi-Agent Q-Learning

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Lee, Haejoon, Panagou, Dimitra
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author Lee, Haejoon
Panagou, Dimitra
author_facet Lee, Haejoon
Panagou, Dimitra
contents We study Byzantine-resilient distributed multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where agents must collaboratively learn optimal value functions over a compromised communication network. Existing resilient MARL approaches typically guarantee almost sure convergence only to near-optimal value functions, or require restrictive assumptions to ensure convergence to optimal solution. As a result, agents may fail to learn the optimal policies under these methods. To address this, we propose a novel distributed Q-learning algorithm, under which all agents' value functions converge almost surely to the optimal value functions despite Byzantine edge attacks. The key idea is a redundancy-based filtering mechanism that leverages two-hop neighbor information to validate incoming messages, while preserving bidirectional information flow. We then introduce a new topological condition for the convergence of our algorithm, present a systematic method to construct such networks, and prove that this condition can be verified in polynomial time. We validate our results through simulations, showing that our method converges to the optimal solutions, whereas prior methods fail under Byzantine edge attacks.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_02791
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Fully Byzantine-Resilient Distributed Multi-Agent Q-Learning
Lee, Haejoon
Panagou, Dimitra
Multiagent Systems
Systems and Control
We study Byzantine-resilient distributed multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where agents must collaboratively learn optimal value functions over a compromised communication network. Existing resilient MARL approaches typically guarantee almost sure convergence only to near-optimal value functions, or require restrictive assumptions to ensure convergence to optimal solution. As a result, agents may fail to learn the optimal policies under these methods. To address this, we propose a novel distributed Q-learning algorithm, under which all agents' value functions converge almost surely to the optimal value functions despite Byzantine edge attacks. The key idea is a redundancy-based filtering mechanism that leverages two-hop neighbor information to validate incoming messages, while preserving bidirectional information flow. We then introduce a new topological condition for the convergence of our algorithm, present a systematic method to construct such networks, and prove that this condition can be verified in polynomial time. We validate our results through simulations, showing that our method converges to the optimal solutions, whereas prior methods fail under Byzantine edge attacks.
title Fully Byzantine-Resilient Distributed Multi-Agent Q-Learning
topic Multiagent Systems
Systems and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.02791