Mesoscopic scattering dynamics under generic uniform SU(2) gauge fields: Spin-momentum relaxation and coherent backscattering
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Kakoi, Masataka Miniatura, Christian Slevin, Keith |
| author_facet | Kakoi, Masataka Miniatura, Christian Slevin, Keith |
| contents | We investigate the time- and momentum-resolved dynamics of matter waves undergoing elastic scattering from a disordered potential in the presence of spatially uniform SU(2) gauge fields. We derive the disorder-averaged density matrix as a function of time and momentum within the weak-localization regime. By accurately approximating the frequency dependence of the ladder and maximally crossed diagram series beyond the diffusive approximation, we describe short-time spin-momentum dynamics on timescales comparable to the scattering mean free time, for arbitrary strengths of the SU(2) gauge fields and disorder. We also present a cubic equation that determines the spin isotropization time, which gives accurate asymptotic forms in the limits where the spin-orbit length is much longer (Dyakonov-Perel spin relaxation regime) or much shorter than the scattering mean free path, as well as in the SU(2)-symmetric (persistent spin helix) limit. In comparison with numerical calculations, we reproduce both the relaxation of the momentum distribution and the transient backscattering peak with a momentum offset coexisting with the robust coherent backscattering dip, supporting the reliability of our calculations. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_02879 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Mesoscopic scattering dynamics under generic uniform SU(2) gauge fields: Spin-momentum relaxation and coherent backscattering Kakoi, Masataka Miniatura, Christian Slevin, Keith Disordered Systems and Neural Networks Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Quantum Gases We investigate the time- and momentum-resolved dynamics of matter waves undergoing elastic scattering from a disordered potential in the presence of spatially uniform SU(2) gauge fields. We derive the disorder-averaged density matrix as a function of time and momentum within the weak-localization regime. By accurately approximating the frequency dependence of the ladder and maximally crossed diagram series beyond the diffusive approximation, we describe short-time spin-momentum dynamics on timescales comparable to the scattering mean free time, for arbitrary strengths of the SU(2) gauge fields and disorder. We also present a cubic equation that determines the spin isotropization time, which gives accurate asymptotic forms in the limits where the spin-orbit length is much longer (Dyakonov-Perel spin relaxation regime) or much shorter than the scattering mean free path, as well as in the SU(2)-symmetric (persistent spin helix) limit. In comparison with numerical calculations, we reproduce both the relaxation of the momentum distribution and the transient backscattering peak with a momentum offset coexisting with the robust coherent backscattering dip, supporting the reliability of our calculations. |
| title | Mesoscopic scattering dynamics under generic uniform SU(2) gauge fields: Spin-momentum relaxation and coherent backscattering |
| topic | Disordered Systems and Neural Networks Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Quantum Gases |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.02879 |