Optimization and vectorization of a Mz-type optically-pumped Rubidium magnetometer
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866917382775111680 |
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| author | Su, Zhengyu Li, Yang Yang, Yongbiao Wang, Yanhua He, Jun Wang, Junmin |
| author_facet | Su, Zhengyu Li, Yang Yang, Yongbiao Wang, Yanhua He, Jun Wang, Junmin |
| contents | Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) have demonstrated significant potential in weak magnetic field detection due to their high sensitivity. In this study, we developed an Mz-type optically pumped rubidium magnetometer using a paraffin-coated anti-relaxation vapor cell. The system optimization and performance characterization were conducted inside a magnetic shield. Specifically, the pump light intensity and radio-frequency (RF) magnetic field were jointly optimized by using the linewidth-amplitude ratio as the core metric. Based on the frequency-domain noise spectrum, the sensitivity in open-loop mode was measured to be approximately 30.8 pT/Hz^{1/2}. Furthermore, a closed-loop feedback locking technique was applied, reducing the measured noise floor under the tested conditions and improving the sensitivity to 22.9 pT/Hz^{1/2}, with a measured -3 dB bandwidth of 123 Hz. The dynamic characteristics were evaluated via magnetic-field step response, showing that the system could track magnetic-field changes stably under closed-loop operation. Finally, by using tri-axial modulation and frequency-domain demodulation, we overcame the scalar measurement limitation of traditional Mz magnetometers. This work realizes vector magnetic field detection and provides a technical basis for applications such as geomagnetic navigation and magnetic anomaly detection. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_02884 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Optimization and vectorization of a Mz-type optically-pumped Rubidium magnetometer Su, Zhengyu Li, Yang Yang, Yongbiao Wang, Yanhua He, Jun Wang, Junmin Atomic Physics Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) have demonstrated significant potential in weak magnetic field detection due to their high sensitivity. In this study, we developed an Mz-type optically pumped rubidium magnetometer using a paraffin-coated anti-relaxation vapor cell. The system optimization and performance characterization were conducted inside a magnetic shield. Specifically, the pump light intensity and radio-frequency (RF) magnetic field were jointly optimized by using the linewidth-amplitude ratio as the core metric. Based on the frequency-domain noise spectrum, the sensitivity in open-loop mode was measured to be approximately 30.8 pT/Hz^{1/2}. Furthermore, a closed-loop feedback locking technique was applied, reducing the measured noise floor under the tested conditions and improving the sensitivity to 22.9 pT/Hz^{1/2}, with a measured -3 dB bandwidth of 123 Hz. The dynamic characteristics were evaluated via magnetic-field step response, showing that the system could track magnetic-field changes stably under closed-loop operation. Finally, by using tri-axial modulation and frequency-domain demodulation, we overcame the scalar measurement limitation of traditional Mz magnetometers. This work realizes vector magnetic field detection and provides a technical basis for applications such as geomagnetic navigation and magnetic anomaly detection. |
| title | Optimization and vectorization of a Mz-type optically-pumped Rubidium magnetometer |
| topic | Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.02884 |