GOPREAUX I: Open-source Code and Data to Model Multi-wavelength Emission of Extragalactic Transients using Gaussian Processes
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Pellegrino, C. Pritchard, T. A. Modjaz, M. Crawford, A. Khakpash, S. Bianco, F. |
| author_facet | Pellegrino, C. Pritchard, T. A. Modjaz, M. Crawford, A. Khakpash, S. Bianco, F. |
| contents | Contemporary all-sky surveys have observed thousands of extragalactic transients in the nearby universe, and upcoming surveys will discover exponentially more at higher redshifts. With these large samples, population-level analysis of the photometric behavior of different transient classes is now possible, allowing for photometric classification and physical parameter inference from relatively sparse individual light curves. To enable such studies, we introduce Gaussian process Optimized Photometric Regression of Extragalactic Archival Ultraviolet-infrared eXplosions, a.k.a GOPREAUX--a Python package for Gaussian Process Regression of multi-wavelength transient photometry. Our modeling is unique in that it interpolates transient emission across phase and wavelength in a non-parametric, data-driven way. This allows for predictions of light curves and spectra at higher redshifts, where the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) emission is redshifted into the observer-frame optical or infrared. To this end, we aggregate a sample of almost 1,300 transients observed in the UV and optical with the Neil Gehrels Swift Telescope, complemented with additional optical and infrared coverage from surveys such as ZTF and open-source data releases. Our sample includes 275 Type II SNe, 172 stripped-envelope SNe, 72 superluminous SNe, and 58 tidal disruption events, among other classes. Our code and reduced photometry--comprising over 146,000 photometric observations--are available as open-source software and data products. Here we discuss our sample criteria, data reduction and modeling methodologies, the multi-wavelength light curves and spectral templates produced by our models, and the future directions in photometric classification and physical parameter inference this code and data repository enables. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_03372 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | GOPREAUX I: Open-source Code and Data to Model Multi-wavelength Emission of Extragalactic Transients using Gaussian Processes Pellegrino, C. Pritchard, T. A. Modjaz, M. Crawford, A. Khakpash, S. Bianco, F. Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Contemporary all-sky surveys have observed thousands of extragalactic transients in the nearby universe, and upcoming surveys will discover exponentially more at higher redshifts. With these large samples, population-level analysis of the photometric behavior of different transient classes is now possible, allowing for photometric classification and physical parameter inference from relatively sparse individual light curves. To enable such studies, we introduce Gaussian process Optimized Photometric Regression of Extragalactic Archival Ultraviolet-infrared eXplosions, a.k.a GOPREAUX--a Python package for Gaussian Process Regression of multi-wavelength transient photometry. Our modeling is unique in that it interpolates transient emission across phase and wavelength in a non-parametric, data-driven way. This allows for predictions of light curves and spectra at higher redshifts, where the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) emission is redshifted into the observer-frame optical or infrared. To this end, we aggregate a sample of almost 1,300 transients observed in the UV and optical with the Neil Gehrels Swift Telescope, complemented with additional optical and infrared coverage from surveys such as ZTF and open-source data releases. Our sample includes 275 Type II SNe, 172 stripped-envelope SNe, 72 superluminous SNe, and 58 tidal disruption events, among other classes. Our code and reduced photometry--comprising over 146,000 photometric observations--are available as open-source software and data products. Here we discuss our sample criteria, data reduction and modeling methodologies, the multi-wavelength light curves and spectral templates produced by our models, and the future directions in photometric classification and physical parameter inference this code and data repository enables. |
| title | GOPREAUX I: Open-source Code and Data to Model Multi-wavelength Emission of Extragalactic Transients using Gaussian Processes |
| topic | Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.03372 |