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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2026
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| Acceso en línea: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.03709 |
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| _version_ | 1866917383978876928 |
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| author | Baral, R. C. |
| author_facet | Baral, R. C. |
| contents | We perform a systematic thermal analysis of identified hadron yields measured by the ALICE Collaboration in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV across charged-particle multiplicity classes within the statistical hadronization model using the Thermal-FIST framework. Global fits are used to extract the chemical freeze-out temperature $T$, system volume $V$, and strangeness saturation parameter $γ_S$. The extracted temperature remains approximately constant at $T \simeq 155$-$165$ MeV across multiplicity, while the volume exhibits an approximately linear increase with event activity. In contrast, $γ_S$ shows a clear rise with multiplicity, indicating a progressive reduction of strangeness suppression. Derived thermodynamic quantities obtained within the model show that the energy density increases with multiplicity, while the average energy per particle increases from $\sim 0.85$ GeV to $\sim 0.99$ GeV, remaining close to $1$ GeV. Particle-to-pion ratios exhibit a hierarchy with strangeness content consistent with ALICE measurements. A systematic comparison of fits constrained by hidden- and open-strangeness hadrons reveals a persistent offset in $γ_S$ at the $\sim 4σ$ level, indicating a tension between $ϕ$- and $Ω$-constrained fits. These results suggest that while high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions approach thermal-like behavior, a single global freeze-out description may not fully capture the strange sector. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_03709 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Multiplicity dependence of thermal parameters in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV from statistical hadronization fits Baral, R. C. High Energy Physics - Phenomenology We perform a systematic thermal analysis of identified hadron yields measured by the ALICE Collaboration in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV across charged-particle multiplicity classes within the statistical hadronization model using the Thermal-FIST framework. Global fits are used to extract the chemical freeze-out temperature $T$, system volume $V$, and strangeness saturation parameter $γ_S$. The extracted temperature remains approximately constant at $T \simeq 155$-$165$ MeV across multiplicity, while the volume exhibits an approximately linear increase with event activity. In contrast, $γ_S$ shows a clear rise with multiplicity, indicating a progressive reduction of strangeness suppression. Derived thermodynamic quantities obtained within the model show that the energy density increases with multiplicity, while the average energy per particle increases from $\sim 0.85$ GeV to $\sim 0.99$ GeV, remaining close to $1$ GeV. Particle-to-pion ratios exhibit a hierarchy with strangeness content consistent with ALICE measurements. A systematic comparison of fits constrained by hidden- and open-strangeness hadrons reveals a persistent offset in $γ_S$ at the $\sim 4σ$ level, indicating a tension between $ϕ$- and $Ω$-constrained fits. These results suggest that while high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions approach thermal-like behavior, a single global freeze-out description may not fully capture the strange sector. |
| title | Multiplicity dependence of thermal parameters in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV from statistical hadronization fits |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.03709 |