Discovery of a Low-Mass Companion to the Accelerating Star HIP 53005 with Strongly Conflicting Mass Estimates
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2026
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| author | Uyama, Taichi Currie, Thayne Xuan, Jerry W. De Rosa, Robert Kuzuhara, Masayuki Chen, Minghan Squicciarini, Vito Beichman, Charles Brandt, Timothy D. Deo, Vincent Guyon, Olivier Hirano, Teruyuki Janson, Markus Liu, Michael C. Mawet, Dimitri Lozi, Julien Nugroho, Stevanus Tamura, Motohide Vievard, Sebastien Bovie, Danielle Hori, Yasunori Kawahara, Hajime Kotani, Takayuki Li, Yiting Wang, Jason |
| author_facet | Uyama, Taichi Currie, Thayne Xuan, Jerry W. De Rosa, Robert Kuzuhara, Masayuki Chen, Minghan Squicciarini, Vito Beichman, Charles Brandt, Timothy D. Deo, Vincent Guyon, Olivier Hirano, Teruyuki Janson, Markus Liu, Michael C. Mawet, Dimitri Lozi, Julien Nugroho, Stevanus Tamura, Motohide Vievard, Sebastien Bovie, Danielle Hori, Yasunori Kawahara, Hajime Kotani, Takayuki Li, Yiting Wang, Jason |
| contents | We present the discovery of a low-mass companion located at $ρ$ $\sim$ 0\farcs{}85 ($r_{\rm proj} \approx 62~au$) from the early-type 1.2 Gyr-old star HIP 53005 using direct imaging data from the Subaru and Keck Telescopes and astrometry from the Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations. The companion, HIP 53005 C, is a component of a multiple system also including a $\approx$ 12\farcs{}4-separation M dwarf companion inducing a negligible proper motion acceleration. HIP~53005 C's position on color-magnitude diagrams, the fit of its spectral energy distribution to atmosphere models, and its location on an empirical mass-magnitude diagram all suggest that it lies at the M/L transition and near the hydrogen-burning limit ($\sim80~M_{\rm Jup}$). However, our orbital fitting combining direct-imaging relative astrometry with proper motion acceleration favors a much higher dynamical mass of $\sim185\ M_{\rm Jup}$. An additional unseen, more closely-orbiting companion below the detection limit (at $ρ\lesssim0\farcs2$)) may explain this discrepancy. Alternatively, HIP~53005C could be a low-mass binary like Gliese~229Bab, making this system an intriguing laboratory for studying multiple star formation. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_03767 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Discovery of a Low-Mass Companion to the Accelerating Star HIP 53005 with Strongly Conflicting Mass Estimates Uyama, Taichi Currie, Thayne Xuan, Jerry W. De Rosa, Robert Kuzuhara, Masayuki Chen, Minghan Squicciarini, Vito Beichman, Charles Brandt, Timothy D. Deo, Vincent Guyon, Olivier Hirano, Teruyuki Janson, Markus Liu, Michael C. Mawet, Dimitri Lozi, Julien Nugroho, Stevanus Tamura, Motohide Vievard, Sebastien Bovie, Danielle Hori, Yasunori Kawahara, Hajime Kotani, Takayuki Li, Yiting Wang, Jason Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies We present the discovery of a low-mass companion located at $ρ$ $\sim$ 0\farcs{}85 ($r_{\rm proj} \approx 62~au$) from the early-type 1.2 Gyr-old star HIP 53005 using direct imaging data from the Subaru and Keck Telescopes and astrometry from the Hipparcos-Gaia Catalog of Accelerations. The companion, HIP 53005 C, is a component of a multiple system also including a $\approx$ 12\farcs{}4-separation M dwarf companion inducing a negligible proper motion acceleration. HIP~53005 C's position on color-magnitude diagrams, the fit of its spectral energy distribution to atmosphere models, and its location on an empirical mass-magnitude diagram all suggest that it lies at the M/L transition and near the hydrogen-burning limit ($\sim80~M_{\rm Jup}$). However, our orbital fitting combining direct-imaging relative astrometry with proper motion acceleration favors a much higher dynamical mass of $\sim185\ M_{\rm Jup}$. An additional unseen, more closely-orbiting companion below the detection limit (at $ρ\lesssim0\farcs2$)) may explain this discrepancy. Alternatively, HIP~53005C could be a low-mass binary like Gliese~229Bab, making this system an intriguing laboratory for studying multiple star formation. |
| title | Discovery of a Low-Mass Companion to the Accelerating Star HIP 53005 with Strongly Conflicting Mass Estimates |
| topic | Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.03767 |