Guidelines for Producing Concise LNT Models, Illustrated with Formal Models of the Algorand Consensus Protocol

Fuente: arXiv
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Autor principal: Garavel, Hubert
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Garavel, Hubert
author_facet Garavel, Hubert
contents LNT is a modern language for the formal description of concurrent systems. It generalizes traditional process calculi and overcomes their known limitations by incorporating features such as an imperative programming style with direct assignments to variables, symmetric sequential composition, and explicit loop operators. The present article examines how these features can be taken advantage of to obtain LNT models as concise and readable as possible. The study is illustrated with a running example, the consensus protocol of the Algorand blockchain, a formal model of which was recently developed at the University of Urbino. It is shown that, using well-chosen transformations, the number of lines of LNT code can be divided by three, while improving readability. Also, various properties of the formal model are expressed and verified using visual checking, equivalence checking, and model checking.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_05006
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publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Guidelines for Producing Concise LNT Models, Illustrated with Formal Models of the Algorand Consensus Protocol
Garavel, Hubert
Programming Languages
Logic in Computer Science
Software Engineering
LNT is a modern language for the formal description of concurrent systems. It generalizes traditional process calculi and overcomes their known limitations by incorporating features such as an imperative programming style with direct assignments to variables, symmetric sequential composition, and explicit loop operators. The present article examines how these features can be taken advantage of to obtain LNT models as concise and readable as possible. The study is illustrated with a running example, the consensus protocol of the Algorand blockchain, a formal model of which was recently developed at the University of Urbino. It is shown that, using well-chosen transformations, the number of lines of LNT code can be divided by three, while improving readability. Also, various properties of the formal model are expressed and verified using visual checking, equivalence checking, and model checking.
title Guidelines for Producing Concise LNT Models, Illustrated with Formal Models of the Algorand Consensus Protocol
topic Programming Languages
Logic in Computer Science
Software Engineering
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.05006