Simulating Subterranean Fluid Injection through Iteration on the VirtualQuake Model

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Norwood, Spence, Rundle, John
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author Norwood, Spence
Rundle, John
author_facet Norwood, Spence
Rundle, John
contents This work extends the VirtualQuake earthquake simulation framework to incorporate the effects of fluid injection on fault stability and induced seismicity. Reworking VirtualQuake into a system using stress point sources, instead of rectangular segments, the new model offers increased geometric flexibility, greater stability, and the re-addition of cross-fault interactions. This approach is paired with the addition of fluid injection modeling, through the distribution of inflationary stress sources, according to invasion percolation, simulating both the stress effect of the injection on nearby faults, and deformation from the injection itself. The model captures both immediate and long-term impacts of injection cycles, including hydraulic fracturing processes and post-injection pressure dissipation. Results show that while single injections produce limited stress changes, repeated injections generate persistent high-pressure regions that progressively destabilize nearby faults, increasing the likelihood of seismic events. This model evolution offers a tool for the evaluation and characterization of long term risks from commercial injection.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_05609
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Simulating Subterranean Fluid Injection through Iteration on the VirtualQuake Model
Norwood, Spence
Rundle, John
Geophysics
This work extends the VirtualQuake earthquake simulation framework to incorporate the effects of fluid injection on fault stability and induced seismicity. Reworking VirtualQuake into a system using stress point sources, instead of rectangular segments, the new model offers increased geometric flexibility, greater stability, and the re-addition of cross-fault interactions. This approach is paired with the addition of fluid injection modeling, through the distribution of inflationary stress sources, according to invasion percolation, simulating both the stress effect of the injection on nearby faults, and deformation from the injection itself. The model captures both immediate and long-term impacts of injection cycles, including hydraulic fracturing processes and post-injection pressure dissipation. Results show that while single injections produce limited stress changes, repeated injections generate persistent high-pressure regions that progressively destabilize nearby faults, increasing the likelihood of seismic events. This model evolution offers a tool for the evaluation and characterization of long term risks from commercial injection.
title Simulating Subterranean Fluid Injection through Iteration on the VirtualQuake Model
topic Geophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.05609