Proof of Concept as a First-Class Architectural Decision Instrument

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Hauptverfasser: Antognolli, Bruno Fernando, Petrillo, Fabio
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Antognolli, Bruno Fernando
Petrillo, Fabio
author_facet Antognolli, Bruno Fernando
Petrillo, Fabio
contents Proofs of Concept (PoCs) are widely adopted practices in software engineering. Despite their relevance, PoCs remain conceptually underdefined and methodologically ad hoc in both research and industry, with definitions and implementation approaches that often lack clarity and consistency. This paper investigates the concept of PoCs with two complementary goals: (1) to provide a refined definition and astructured framework for PoC development grounded in a systematic review of academic and grey literature; and (2) to position PoCs as first-class architectural decision instruments rather than informal experiments or disposable artifacts. Through a systematic review of academic and grey literature we identify the key characteristics, processes, associated with PoCs and expose a significant gap the academic literature describes PoC outcomes but rarely its process. By synthesizing insights from diverse sources we propose a refined definition and a lightweight, three-phase framework (planning, execution, decision-making) that encompasses technical validation and explicit decision traceability. We also introduce the Undocumented Architectural Experiment anti-pattern, arising when PoCs influence high-impact architectural decisions without leaving durable architectural knowledge. We argue that elevating PoCs to first-class status improves decision quality, enhances traceability, and supports more systematic learning in architectural practice.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_05835
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Proof of Concept as a First-Class Architectural Decision Instrument
Antognolli, Bruno Fernando
Petrillo, Fabio
Software Engineering
D.2.11; D.2.2; D.2.5
Proofs of Concept (PoCs) are widely adopted practices in software engineering. Despite their relevance, PoCs remain conceptually underdefined and methodologically ad hoc in both research and industry, with definitions and implementation approaches that often lack clarity and consistency. This paper investigates the concept of PoCs with two complementary goals: (1) to provide a refined definition and astructured framework for PoC development grounded in a systematic review of academic and grey literature; and (2) to position PoCs as first-class architectural decision instruments rather than informal experiments or disposable artifacts. Through a systematic review of academic and grey literature we identify the key characteristics, processes, associated with PoCs and expose a significant gap the academic literature describes PoC outcomes but rarely its process. By synthesizing insights from diverse sources we propose a refined definition and a lightweight, three-phase framework (planning, execution, decision-making) that encompasses technical validation and explicit decision traceability. We also introduce the Undocumented Architectural Experiment anti-pattern, arising when PoCs influence high-impact architectural decisions without leaving durable architectural knowledge. We argue that elevating PoCs to first-class status improves decision quality, enhances traceability, and supports more systematic learning in architectural practice.
title Proof of Concept as a First-Class Architectural Decision Instrument
topic Software Engineering
D.2.11; D.2.2; D.2.5
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.05835