Fault-Tolerant One-Shot Entanglement Generation with Constant-Sized Quantum Devices in the Plane
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866910109003677696 |
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| author | Harley, Dylan Koenig, Robert |
| author_facet | Harley, Dylan Koenig, Robert |
| contents | Consider a rectangular grid of qubits in 2D with single-qubit and nearest-neighbor two-qubit operations subject to local stochastic Pauli noise. At different length scales, this setup describes both a single quantum computing device with geometrically limited connectivity between qubits arranged on a disc, and planar networks composed of quantum repeater stations of constant size. We give a protocol which robustly generates entanglement between distant qubits in this setup. For noise below a constant threshold error strength, it generates a constant-fidelity Bell pair between qubits separated by an arbitrarily large distance $R$. To generate distance-$R$ entanglement, a rectangular grid of qubits of dimensions $Θ(R)\times Θ(\mathsf{poly}(\log R))$ suffices. Our protocol applies quantum operations in one shot, establishing a Bell state in a constant time up to a known Pauli correction. In contrast, existing entanglement generation protocols either require local quantum devices controlling a number of qubits growing with the targeted distance, or are not single-shot, i.e., have a distance-dependent execution time. The protocol leverages many-body entanglement in networks and provides the first example of a short-range entangled state in 2D with long-range localizable entanglement robust to local stochastic Pauli noise. As an immediate corollary, we construct a 2D-local stabilizer Hamiltonian whose Gibbs states possess long-range localizable entanglement at constant positive temperature. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_05870 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Fault-Tolerant One-Shot Entanglement Generation with Constant-Sized Quantum Devices in the Plane Harley, Dylan Koenig, Robert Quantum Physics Consider a rectangular grid of qubits in 2D with single-qubit and nearest-neighbor two-qubit operations subject to local stochastic Pauli noise. At different length scales, this setup describes both a single quantum computing device with geometrically limited connectivity between qubits arranged on a disc, and planar networks composed of quantum repeater stations of constant size. We give a protocol which robustly generates entanglement between distant qubits in this setup. For noise below a constant threshold error strength, it generates a constant-fidelity Bell pair between qubits separated by an arbitrarily large distance $R$. To generate distance-$R$ entanglement, a rectangular grid of qubits of dimensions $Θ(R)\times Θ(\mathsf{poly}(\log R))$ suffices. Our protocol applies quantum operations in one shot, establishing a Bell state in a constant time up to a known Pauli correction. In contrast, existing entanglement generation protocols either require local quantum devices controlling a number of qubits growing with the targeted distance, or are not single-shot, i.e., have a distance-dependent execution time. The protocol leverages many-body entanglement in networks and provides the first example of a short-range entangled state in 2D with long-range localizable entanglement robust to local stochastic Pauli noise. As an immediate corollary, we construct a 2D-local stabilizer Hamiltonian whose Gibbs states possess long-range localizable entanglement at constant positive temperature. |
| title | Fault-Tolerant One-Shot Entanglement Generation with Constant-Sized Quantum Devices in the Plane |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.05870 |