REM universality for linear random energy

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Hauptverfasser: Concetti, Francesco, Franchini, Simone
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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_version_ 1866913012282032128
author Concetti, Francesco
Franchini, Simone
author_facet Concetti, Francesco
Franchini, Simone
contents We consider a sequence of random Hamiltonians $H_n(h,σ)=\sum^n_{i=1}h_i(σ_i-m)$, and study the asymptotic ($n\to \infty$) distribution of the energy levels $(H_n(h,σ))_{σ\in \{-1,1\}^n}$, where $h_1,h_2,\cdots$ are i.i.d. random variables. We show that, when $e^{O(n)}$ configurations are sampled at random, the corresponding collection of energy levels converges in distribution to a Poisson point process with exponential intensity measure. This establishes the Random Energy Model (REM) universality for the present model. Our results strengthen earlier works on local REM universality by characterizing the distribution of $O(1)-$order fluctuations of $H_n$. In addition, we improve upon the REM universality by dilution studied by Ben Arous, Gayrard, Kuptsov by allowing an exponentially large number $e^{O(n)}$ of sampled configurations, instead of $e^{o(\sqrt{n})}$. Finally, we derive the asymptotic distribution of the Gibbs weight.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_06122
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle REM universality for linear random energy
Concetti, Francesco
Franchini, Simone
Probability
Statistical Mechanics
60F10, 60G55, 60F99, 82B44
G.3; F.2.2
We consider a sequence of random Hamiltonians $H_n(h,σ)=\sum^n_{i=1}h_i(σ_i-m)$, and study the asymptotic ($n\to \infty$) distribution of the energy levels $(H_n(h,σ))_{σ\in \{-1,1\}^n}$, where $h_1,h_2,\cdots$ are i.i.d. random variables. We show that, when $e^{O(n)}$ configurations are sampled at random, the corresponding collection of energy levels converges in distribution to a Poisson point process with exponential intensity measure. This establishes the Random Energy Model (REM) universality for the present model. Our results strengthen earlier works on local REM universality by characterizing the distribution of $O(1)-$order fluctuations of $H_n$. In addition, we improve upon the REM universality by dilution studied by Ben Arous, Gayrard, Kuptsov by allowing an exponentially large number $e^{O(n)}$ of sampled configurations, instead of $e^{o(\sqrt{n})}$. Finally, we derive the asymptotic distribution of the Gibbs weight.
title REM universality for linear random energy
topic Probability
Statistical Mechanics
60F10, 60G55, 60F99, 82B44
G.3; F.2.2
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.06122