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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
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| Soggetti: | |
| Accesso online: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.06758 |
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| author | Hoogland, Damar Koloski, Boshko Caporusso, Jaya Kolenik, Tine Vitez, Ana Zwitter Pollak, Senja Manouilidou, Christina Purver, Matthew |
| author_facet | Hoogland, Damar Koloski, Boshko Caporusso, Jaya Kolenik, Tine Vitez, Ana Zwitter Pollak, Senja Manouilidou, Christina Purver, Matthew |
| contents | We evaluate cognitive impairment (CI) classification from transcripts of speech in English, Slovene, and Korean. We compare zero-shot large language models (LLMs) used as direct classifiers under three input settings -- transcript-only, linguistic-features-only, and combined -- with supervised tabular approaches trained under a leave-one-out protocol. The tabular models operate on engineered linguistic features, transcript embeddings, and early or late fusion of both modalities. Across languages, zero-shot LLMs provide competitive no-training baselines, but supervised tabular models generally perform better, particularly when engineered linguistic features are included and combined with embeddings. Few-shot experiments focusing on embeddings indicate that the value of limited supervision is language-dependent, with some languages benefiting substantially from additional labelled examples while others remain constrained without richer feature representations. Overall, the results suggest that, in small-data CI detection, structured linguistic signals and simple fusion-based classifiers remain strong and reliable signals. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_06758 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Multilingual Cognitive Impairment Detection in the Era of Foundation Models Hoogland, Damar Koloski, Boshko Caporusso, Jaya Kolenik, Tine Vitez, Ana Zwitter Pollak, Senja Manouilidou, Christina Purver, Matthew Computation and Language We evaluate cognitive impairment (CI) classification from transcripts of speech in English, Slovene, and Korean. We compare zero-shot large language models (LLMs) used as direct classifiers under three input settings -- transcript-only, linguistic-features-only, and combined -- with supervised tabular approaches trained under a leave-one-out protocol. The tabular models operate on engineered linguistic features, transcript embeddings, and early or late fusion of both modalities. Across languages, zero-shot LLMs provide competitive no-training baselines, but supervised tabular models generally perform better, particularly when engineered linguistic features are included and combined with embeddings. Few-shot experiments focusing on embeddings indicate that the value of limited supervision is language-dependent, with some languages benefiting substantially from additional labelled examples while others remain constrained without richer feature representations. Overall, the results suggest that, in small-data CI detection, structured linguistic signals and simple fusion-based classifiers remain strong and reliable signals. |
| title | Multilingual Cognitive Impairment Detection in the Era of Foundation Models |
| topic | Computation and Language |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.06758 |