Continuous-variable two-dimensional cluster states in the microwave domain

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Lingua, Fabio, Cortinovis, Michele, Hernández, J. C. Rivera, Haviland, David B.
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Lingua, Fabio
Cortinovis, Michele
Hernández, J. C. Rivera
Haviland, David B.
author_facet Lingua, Fabio
Cortinovis, Michele
Hernández, J. C. Rivera
Haviland, David B.
contents We demonstrate the experimental realization of two-dimensional, continuous variable (CV) cluster states between 191 microwave frequency modes. This result is obtained by exposing vacuum fluctuations to the input of a Josephson Parametric Amplifier, parametrically pumped by a sum of coherent tones around twice its resonant frequency. By carefully tuning pump frequencies, amplitudes, and phases we engineer the interference between mixing products and realize honeycomb and square lattice CV cluster states with three and four pump tones respectively. We prove the presence of the cluster states with a suitable nullifier test, reaching up to $-1.2$ dB of squeezing of the cluster state's nullifiers. We study hidden entanglement (HE) and show no hidden entanglement up to $\sim -1$ dB of squeezing and negligible HE at optimal squeezing.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_07107
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Continuous-variable two-dimensional cluster states in the microwave domain
Lingua, Fabio
Cortinovis, Michele
Hernández, J. C. Rivera
Haviland, David B.
Quantum Physics
We demonstrate the experimental realization of two-dimensional, continuous variable (CV) cluster states between 191 microwave frequency modes. This result is obtained by exposing vacuum fluctuations to the input of a Josephson Parametric Amplifier, parametrically pumped by a sum of coherent tones around twice its resonant frequency. By carefully tuning pump frequencies, amplitudes, and phases we engineer the interference between mixing products and realize honeycomb and square lattice CV cluster states with three and four pump tones respectively. We prove the presence of the cluster states with a suitable nullifier test, reaching up to $-1.2$ dB of squeezing of the cluster state's nullifiers. We study hidden entanglement (HE) and show no hidden entanglement up to $\sim -1$ dB of squeezing and negligible HE at optimal squeezing.
title Continuous-variable two-dimensional cluster states in the microwave domain
topic Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.07107