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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gelman, Andrew, Krefman, Amy, Kennedy, Lauren, Hullman, Jessica
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.08421
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Table of Contents:
  • When designing and evaluating an experiment or observational study, it is useful to have a realistic hypothesis regarding the average treatment effect. We present an approach to conceptualizing this average by first considering a distribution of effects. We demonstrate with examples in medicine, economics, and psychology.