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Main Authors: Holland, Jonathan, Sparling, George
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.09119
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author Holland, Jonathan
Sparling, George
author_facet Holland, Jonathan
Sparling, George
contents We study real triality structures through their intrinsic tensor algebra. Starting from a single triality symbol, we construct the associated Lie algebra of two-triality operators, prove the Jacobi identity, and identify the resulting algebra uniformly with the corresponding entry of the magic square. We then examine the natural invariant bilinear forms and the Clifford-theoretic structures arising from this construction. In low dimension, the triality formalism also recovers classical arithmetic data: in the \(2\times2\times2\) case, the associated binary quadratic forms have a common discriminant and fit naturally into the Bhargava cube picture.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_09119
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Triality and the Magic Square of Hans Freudenthal
Holland, Jonathan
Sparling, George
Rings and Algebras
17B25, 17A75
We study real triality structures through their intrinsic tensor algebra. Starting from a single triality symbol, we construct the associated Lie algebra of two-triality operators, prove the Jacobi identity, and identify the resulting algebra uniformly with the corresponding entry of the magic square. We then examine the natural invariant bilinear forms and the Clifford-theoretic structures arising from this construction. In low dimension, the triality formalism also recovers classical arithmetic data: in the \(2\times2\times2\) case, the associated binary quadratic forms have a common discriminant and fit naturally into the Bhargava cube picture.
title Triality and the Magic Square of Hans Freudenthal
topic Rings and Algebras
17B25, 17A75
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.09119