Quadratic Quantum Polarimetry with Entangled Photon Pairs
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866914463572033536 |
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| author | Ren, Jinliang Besaga, Vira Lopushenko, Ivan Ma, Jinyong Bykov, Alexander Meglinski, Igor Setzpfandt, Frank Sukhorukov, Andrey A. |
| author_facet | Ren, Jinliang Besaga, Vira Lopushenko, Ivan Ma, Jinyong Bykov, Alexander Meglinski, Igor Setzpfandt, Frank Sukhorukov, Andrey A. |
| contents | Conventional polarimetry, including schemes leveraging entangled light, characterizes optical samples through linear transformations of polarization states. We introduce a two-photon probing approach in which both photons of an entangled pair interact with the same depolarizing medium simultaneously. In this regime, the transformation of the two-photon polarization correlations becomes quadratic in the Mueller matrix, enabling access to second-order polarization information beyond conventional polarimetry. We develop a theoretical framework linking the Mueller matrix to the evolution of the two-photon polarization correlation tensor and show that depolarization induces quadratic degradation of entanglement and state purity. Experiments using polarization-entangled photon pairs transmitted through controlled scattering media confirm the predicted response and reveal enhanced sensitivity to polarization scrambling compared with single-photon probing. These results establish two-photon probing as a higher-order quantum polarimetric modality for characterizing polarization channels. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_09257 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quadratic Quantum Polarimetry with Entangled Photon Pairs Ren, Jinliang Besaga, Vira Lopushenko, Ivan Ma, Jinyong Bykov, Alexander Meglinski, Igor Setzpfandt, Frank Sukhorukov, Andrey A. Quantum Physics Biological Physics Optics Conventional polarimetry, including schemes leveraging entangled light, characterizes optical samples through linear transformations of polarization states. We introduce a two-photon probing approach in which both photons of an entangled pair interact with the same depolarizing medium simultaneously. In this regime, the transformation of the two-photon polarization correlations becomes quadratic in the Mueller matrix, enabling access to second-order polarization information beyond conventional polarimetry. We develop a theoretical framework linking the Mueller matrix to the evolution of the two-photon polarization correlation tensor and show that depolarization induces quadratic degradation of entanglement and state purity. Experiments using polarization-entangled photon pairs transmitted through controlled scattering media confirm the predicted response and reveal enhanced sensitivity to polarization scrambling compared with single-photon probing. These results establish two-photon probing as a higher-order quantum polarimetric modality for characterizing polarization channels. |
| title | Quadratic Quantum Polarimetry with Entangled Photon Pairs |
| topic | Quantum Physics Biological Physics Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.09257 |