JWST Nebular Spectroscopy of SN 2023qov: Circumstellar Dust Emission in a Normal Type Ia Supernova
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Macrie, Colin W. Larison, Conor Sears, Huei Kwok, Lindsey A. Jha, Saurabh W. Dai, Mi Johansson, Joel Blondin, Stéphane Andrews, Moira Auchettl, K. Badenes, Carles Barna, Barnabás Bostroem, K. Azalee Brink, Thomas G. Davis, Kyle W. Farah, Joseph R. Filippenko, Alexei V. Fox, Ori D. Graur, Or Hall, Saarah Howell, D. Andrew Hosseinzadeh, Griffin Jerkstrand, Anders Konyves-Toth, Reka Lidman, Christopher Maeda, Keiichi Maguire, Kate Martin, Bailey Newsome, Megan Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla Polin, Abigail Rest, Armin Rosenberg, Zoe Sand, David Schwab, Michaela Siebert, Matthew Singh, Mridweeka Szalai, Támas Temim, Tea Terwel, Jacco Tucker, Brad Vinko, Jozsef Wang, Lingzhi Wang, Xiaofeng Zheng, WeiKang |
| author_facet | Macrie, Colin W. Larison, Conor Sears, Huei Kwok, Lindsey A. Jha, Saurabh W. Dai, Mi Johansson, Joel Blondin, Stéphane Andrews, Moira Auchettl, K. Badenes, Carles Barna, Barnabás Bostroem, K. Azalee Brink, Thomas G. Davis, Kyle W. Farah, Joseph R. Filippenko, Alexei V. Fox, Ori D. Graur, Or Hall, Saarah Howell, D. Andrew Hosseinzadeh, Griffin Jerkstrand, Anders Konyves-Toth, Reka Lidman, Christopher Maeda, Keiichi Maguire, Kate Martin, Bailey Newsome, Megan Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla Polin, Abigail Rest, Armin Rosenberg, Zoe Sand, David Schwab, Michaela Siebert, Matthew Singh, Mridweeka Szalai, Támas Temim, Tea Terwel, Jacco Tucker, Brad Vinko, Jozsef Wang, Lingzhi Wang, Xiaofeng Zheng, WeiKang |
| contents | We present panchromatic observations of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2023qov, ranging from $\sim$2 weeks before to $\sim$1 year after maximum light. \textit{JWST} near- and mid-infrared spectra at $+$276 and $+$363~days show $\sim$400 K dust emission that cools by $\sim$75 K between epochs, the first unambiguous spectroscopic detection of dust emission in a normal SN Ia. We find that the emission is well described by models of carbonaceous dust placed within $\sim$1 light year of the SN, with a dust mass of $\sim$$10^{-4}$ M$_{\odot}$. We do not see evidence of active dust creation, suggesting an infrared light echo by pre-existing circumstellar dust as the likely source of the emission. The \textit{JWST} nebular line profiles suggest asymmetric, stratified ejecta, similar to other normal SNe Ia, though a slight double-horn structure in the argon lines indicate a toroidal enhancement. SN 2023qov exhibits a slightly red, fast-declining early light curve ($Δm_{15}(B) = 1.47 \pm 0.05$ mag), from which we determine a $^{56}$Ni mass of $M_{56} = 0.21 \pm 0.04$ M$_{\odot}$, and a distance of $d = 36.0 \pm 1.8$ Mpc to the SN and its host, NGC 7029. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_09777 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | JWST Nebular Spectroscopy of SN 2023qov: Circumstellar Dust Emission in a Normal Type Ia Supernova Macrie, Colin W. Larison, Conor Sears, Huei Kwok, Lindsey A. Jha, Saurabh W. Dai, Mi Johansson, Joel Blondin, Stéphane Andrews, Moira Auchettl, K. Badenes, Carles Barna, Barnabás Bostroem, K. Azalee Brink, Thomas G. Davis, Kyle W. Farah, Joseph R. Filippenko, Alexei V. Fox, Ori D. Graur, Or Hall, Saarah Howell, D. Andrew Hosseinzadeh, Griffin Jerkstrand, Anders Konyves-Toth, Reka Lidman, Christopher Maeda, Keiichi Maguire, Kate Martin, Bailey Newsome, Megan Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla Polin, Abigail Rest, Armin Rosenberg, Zoe Sand, David Schwab, Michaela Siebert, Matthew Singh, Mridweeka Szalai, Támas Temim, Tea Terwel, Jacco Tucker, Brad Vinko, Jozsef Wang, Lingzhi Wang, Xiaofeng Zheng, WeiKang High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena We present panchromatic observations of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2023qov, ranging from $\sim$2 weeks before to $\sim$1 year after maximum light. \textit{JWST} near- and mid-infrared spectra at $+$276 and $+$363~days show $\sim$400 K dust emission that cools by $\sim$75 K between epochs, the first unambiguous spectroscopic detection of dust emission in a normal SN Ia. We find that the emission is well described by models of carbonaceous dust placed within $\sim$1 light year of the SN, with a dust mass of $\sim$$10^{-4}$ M$_{\odot}$. We do not see evidence of active dust creation, suggesting an infrared light echo by pre-existing circumstellar dust as the likely source of the emission. The \textit{JWST} nebular line profiles suggest asymmetric, stratified ejecta, similar to other normal SNe Ia, though a slight double-horn structure in the argon lines indicate a toroidal enhancement. SN 2023qov exhibits a slightly red, fast-declining early light curve ($Δm_{15}(B) = 1.47 \pm 0.05$ mag), from which we determine a $^{56}$Ni mass of $M_{56} = 0.21 \pm 0.04$ M$_{\odot}$, and a distance of $d = 36.0 \pm 1.8$ Mpc to the SN and its host, NGC 7029. |
| title | JWST Nebular Spectroscopy of SN 2023qov: Circumstellar Dust Emission in a Normal Type Ia Supernova |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.09777 |