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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.10807 |
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| _version_ | 1866914467231563776 |
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| author | Dong, Haofan Akan, Ozgur B. |
| author_facet | Dong, Haofan Akan, Ozgur B. |
| contents | We propose CisLunarSense, an opportunistic integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) framework that exploits the Lunar Gateway's Ka-band relay for monostatic debris detection, addressing the absence of cislunar space situational awareness infrastructure beyond the reach of ground-based radars. Using NASA/ESA-documented system parameters with author-selected sensing settings and a CR3BP-based 9:2 near-rectilinear halo orbit model, we derive the orbit-phase-dependent Cramér--Rao bound under OFDM inter-carrier interference, quantify a 36~dB cislunar sensing advantage over a ground-based Ka-band reference, and design a velocity-adaptive processor with mode switching at 337~m/s. Gateway operational debris ($v_\mathrm{rel} < 50$~m/s) is detectable within 700~km with over 30~minutes of warning; external threats ($v_\mathrm{rel}$ up to 500~m/s) remain detectable within 400--630~km. An orbit-phase-adaptive allocation reduces the sensing duty cycle from 60\% to 19\%, increasing relay throughput from 44 to 90~Mbps. A closed-form sensing outage probability for $K$-CPI non-coherent integration under Swerling~I fluctuation shows that the 10\%-outage detection range reaches 91\% of the deterministic maximum at the nominal operating point $K = 16$. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_10807 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | CisLunarSense: Opportunistic ISAC for Debris Detection at the Lunar Gateway Dong, Haofan Akan, Ozgur B. Signal Processing We propose CisLunarSense, an opportunistic integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) framework that exploits the Lunar Gateway's Ka-band relay for monostatic debris detection, addressing the absence of cislunar space situational awareness infrastructure beyond the reach of ground-based radars. Using NASA/ESA-documented system parameters with author-selected sensing settings and a CR3BP-based 9:2 near-rectilinear halo orbit model, we derive the orbit-phase-dependent Cramér--Rao bound under OFDM inter-carrier interference, quantify a 36~dB cislunar sensing advantage over a ground-based Ka-band reference, and design a velocity-adaptive processor with mode switching at 337~m/s. Gateway operational debris ($v_\mathrm{rel} < 50$~m/s) is detectable within 700~km with over 30~minutes of warning; external threats ($v_\mathrm{rel}$ up to 500~m/s) remain detectable within 400--630~km. An orbit-phase-adaptive allocation reduces the sensing duty cycle from 60\% to 19\%, increasing relay throughput from 44 to 90~Mbps. A closed-form sensing outage probability for $K$-CPI non-coherent integration under Swerling~I fluctuation shows that the 10\%-outage detection range reaches 91\% of the deterministic maximum at the nominal operating point $K = 16$. |
| title | CisLunarSense: Opportunistic ISAC for Debris Detection at the Lunar Gateway |
| topic | Signal Processing |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.10807 |