Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Maiti, Sandip
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.11688
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866908960233095168
author Maiti, Sandip
author_facet Maiti, Sandip
contents Geometric frustration, arising from competing interactions that prevent simultaneous energy minimization, presents a fundamental challenge for variational quantum algorithms applied to quantum many-body systems. We investigate the transverse-field Ising model on a square lattice with frustrated diagonal coupling and show that geometric frustration leads to strongly inhomogeneous correlations that are difficult to capture using standard Hamiltonian-inspired ansätze with global parameters. As a result, the required circuit depth increases significantly in the intermediate-field regime. We demonstrate that this limitation is not caused by optimization difficulties such as barren plateaus, but instead arises from insufficient expressibility of the ansatz. By introducing bond-resolved variational parameters, we recover accurate results at reduced circuit depth. We also study low-energy excitations and find that near-degenerate spectra in the frustrated regime further challenge variational methods. Our results provide a clear physical explanation for the limitations of variational quantum algorithms in frustrated systems and suggest improved ansatz design strategies for quantum simulation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_11688
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Frustration-Induced Expressibility Limitations in Variational Quantum Algorithms
Maiti, Sandip
Quantum Physics
Geometric frustration, arising from competing interactions that prevent simultaneous energy minimization, presents a fundamental challenge for variational quantum algorithms applied to quantum many-body systems. We investigate the transverse-field Ising model on a square lattice with frustrated diagonal coupling and show that geometric frustration leads to strongly inhomogeneous correlations that are difficult to capture using standard Hamiltonian-inspired ansätze with global parameters. As a result, the required circuit depth increases significantly in the intermediate-field regime. We demonstrate that this limitation is not caused by optimization difficulties such as barren plateaus, but instead arises from insufficient expressibility of the ansatz. By introducing bond-resolved variational parameters, we recover accurate results at reduced circuit depth. We also study low-energy excitations and find that near-degenerate spectra in the frustrated regime further challenge variational methods. Our results provide a clear physical explanation for the limitations of variational quantum algorithms in frustrated systems and suggest improved ansatz design strategies for quantum simulation.
title Frustration-Induced Expressibility Limitations in Variational Quantum Algorithms
topic Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.11688