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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Online-Zugang: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.11882 |
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| author | Dhanasingham, Birendra Kelly, Patrick L. Chen, Wenlei Pierel, Justin Oguri, Masamune Perera, Derek Diego, Jose M. Zitrin, Adi Meena, Ashish K. Jauzac, Mathilde Mahler, Guillaume Mamuzic, Elias Williams, Liliya L. R. Taak, Yoon Chan Koekemoer, Anton M. Broadhurst, Thomas J. Furtak, Lukas J. Lagattuta, David Williams, Hayley Dalrymple, Kyle Filippenko, Alexei V. Gall, Christa Gilman, Daniel Hjorth, Jens Jha, Saurabh W. Larison, Conor Lee, Chien-Hsiu Mazzali, Paolo A. Sharon, Keren Suyu, Sherry H. |
| author_facet | Dhanasingham, Birendra Kelly, Patrick L. Chen, Wenlei Pierel, Justin Oguri, Masamune Perera, Derek Diego, Jose M. Zitrin, Adi Meena, Ashish K. Jauzac, Mathilde Mahler, Guillaume Mamuzic, Elias Williams, Liliya L. R. Taak, Yoon Chan Koekemoer, Anton M. Broadhurst, Thomas J. Furtak, Lukas J. Lagattuta, David Williams, Hayley Dalrymple, Kyle Filippenko, Alexei V. Gall, Christa Gilman, Daniel Hjorth, Jens Jha, Saurabh W. Larison, Conor Lee, Chien-Hsiu Mazzali, Paolo A. Sharon, Keren Suyu, Sherry H. |
| contents | The multiply imaged SN 2022riv was discovered through a search of galaxy cluster fields as part of a Hubble Space Telescope (HST) SNAP program to find highly magnified stars. The supernova (SN) was detected in the last-to-arrive image of a galaxy at redshift $z=1.522$ strongly lensed by the foreground galaxy cluster RX J2129.7+0005. Follow up James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NIRSpec G140M and PRISM spectroscopy yields a Type Ia SN classification. Using the SALT3-NIR light-curve fitter, we obtain a cosmology-independent measurement of the magnification of $5.35\pm1.01$ for the last-to-arrive image of the SN, with multiple SALT SN spectral time-series models yielding consistent constraints. The last-to-arrive image of SN 2022riv we detect appeared adjacent to the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) at a location with an exceptionally high stellar mass density ($\sim 1-2$ dex higher than that of SN Refsdal), where microlensing is expected to introduce a 20-50% modulation of the magnification. Analyzing six independent lens models of the cluster, we find that four predict the magnification with much greater precision ($p < 0.05$) than would be expected by random chance, given the large effect anticipated from microlensing. Five models yield magnifications of roughly $4-7$ (within $1σ$) prior to accounting for microlensing, whereas HoliGRALE favors a significantly higher value of $15.39 \pm 0.85$. After incorporating nominal microlensing, the HoliGRALE prediction is within $1σ$ tension with our measurement. A companion paper (Dalrymple et al.) will present constraints on the relative time delay of the image that arrived earlier. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_11882 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | SN 2022riv in RX J2129: Discovery, Spectroscopic Classification, and Microlensing of a Strongly Lensed Type Ia Supernova from JWST and HST Observations Dhanasingham, Birendra Kelly, Patrick L. Chen, Wenlei Pierel, Justin Oguri, Masamune Perera, Derek Diego, Jose M. Zitrin, Adi Meena, Ashish K. Jauzac, Mathilde Mahler, Guillaume Mamuzic, Elias Williams, Liliya L. R. Taak, Yoon Chan Koekemoer, Anton M. Broadhurst, Thomas J. Furtak, Lukas J. Lagattuta, David Williams, Hayley Dalrymple, Kyle Filippenko, Alexei V. Gall, Christa Gilman, Daniel Hjorth, Jens Jha, Saurabh W. Larison, Conor Lee, Chien-Hsiu Mazzali, Paolo A. Sharon, Keren Suyu, Sherry H. Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies The multiply imaged SN 2022riv was discovered through a search of galaxy cluster fields as part of a Hubble Space Telescope (HST) SNAP program to find highly magnified stars. The supernova (SN) was detected in the last-to-arrive image of a galaxy at redshift $z=1.522$ strongly lensed by the foreground galaxy cluster RX J2129.7+0005. Follow up James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NIRSpec G140M and PRISM spectroscopy yields a Type Ia SN classification. Using the SALT3-NIR light-curve fitter, we obtain a cosmology-independent measurement of the magnification of $5.35\pm1.01$ for the last-to-arrive image of the SN, with multiple SALT SN spectral time-series models yielding consistent constraints. The last-to-arrive image of SN 2022riv we detect appeared adjacent to the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) at a location with an exceptionally high stellar mass density ($\sim 1-2$ dex higher than that of SN Refsdal), where microlensing is expected to introduce a 20-50% modulation of the magnification. Analyzing six independent lens models of the cluster, we find that four predict the magnification with much greater precision ($p < 0.05$) than would be expected by random chance, given the large effect anticipated from microlensing. Five models yield magnifications of roughly $4-7$ (within $1σ$) prior to accounting for microlensing, whereas HoliGRALE favors a significantly higher value of $15.39 \pm 0.85$. After incorporating nominal microlensing, the HoliGRALE prediction is within $1σ$ tension with our measurement. A companion paper (Dalrymple et al.) will present constraints on the relative time delay of the image that arrived earlier. |
| title | SN 2022riv in RX J2129: Discovery, Spectroscopic Classification, and Microlensing of a Strongly Lensed Type Ia Supernova from JWST and HST Observations |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.11882 |