Nanoscale electrothermal-switch superconducting diode for electrically programmable superconducting circuits
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866913047017160704 |
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| author | Li, Tianyu Li, Jiong Li, Chong Huang, Peiyuan Yang, Nuo-Zhou Xu, Wuyue Yue, Wen-Cheng Lyu, Yang-Yang Xiong, Yihuang Tu, Xuecou Tao, Tao Jia, Xiaoqing Chen, Qing-Hu Wang, Huabing Wu, Peiheng Wang, Yong-Lei |
| author_facet | Li, Tianyu Li, Jiong Li, Chong Huang, Peiyuan Yang, Nuo-Zhou Xu, Wuyue Yue, Wen-Cheng Lyu, Yang-Yang Xiong, Yihuang Tu, Xuecou Tao, Tao Jia, Xiaoqing Chen, Qing-Hu Wang, Huabing Wu, Peiheng Wang, Yong-Lei |
| contents | Superconducting diodes enable dissipationless directional transport, yet achieving electrical tunability and scalability remains a major challenge for circuit-level integration. Here, we demonstrate an electrothermal-switch superconducting diode in which a gate-controlled nanoscale hotspot dynamically breaks inversion symmetry in a superconducting nanowire. This mechanism gives rise to two coexisting nonreciprocal transport regimes-one associated with a nonreciprocal superconducting-to-normal transition and the other with ratchet-like vortex dynamics-both originating from the same electrothermal-switch process. The diode exhibits efficiencies up to 42% and 60% for the two regimes, respectively, and can be electrically switched on, off, or reversed in polarity in situ by applying a small gate current. These capabilities enable programmable superconducting circuits that realize electrically reconfigurable full-wave and half-wave rectification. The lithography-compatible design, high performance, and gate-controlled functionality establish a scalable platform for programmable superconducting electronics and hybrid quantum systems. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_12313 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Nanoscale electrothermal-switch superconducting diode for electrically programmable superconducting circuits Li, Tianyu Li, Jiong Li, Chong Huang, Peiyuan Yang, Nuo-Zhou Xu, Wuyue Yue, Wen-Cheng Lyu, Yang-Yang Xiong, Yihuang Tu, Xuecou Tao, Tao Jia, Xiaoqing Chen, Qing-Hu Wang, Huabing Wu, Peiheng Wang, Yong-Lei Superconductivity Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Applied Physics Superconducting diodes enable dissipationless directional transport, yet achieving electrical tunability and scalability remains a major challenge for circuit-level integration. Here, we demonstrate an electrothermal-switch superconducting diode in which a gate-controlled nanoscale hotspot dynamically breaks inversion symmetry in a superconducting nanowire. This mechanism gives rise to two coexisting nonreciprocal transport regimes-one associated with a nonreciprocal superconducting-to-normal transition and the other with ratchet-like vortex dynamics-both originating from the same electrothermal-switch process. The diode exhibits efficiencies up to 42% and 60% for the two regimes, respectively, and can be electrically switched on, off, or reversed in polarity in situ by applying a small gate current. These capabilities enable programmable superconducting circuits that realize electrically reconfigurable full-wave and half-wave rectification. The lithography-compatible design, high performance, and gate-controlled functionality establish a scalable platform for programmable superconducting electronics and hybrid quantum systems. |
| title | Nanoscale electrothermal-switch superconducting diode for electrically programmable superconducting circuits |
| topic | Superconductivity Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Applied Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.12313 |