Evolving the Complete Muscle: Efficient Morphology-Control Co-design for Musculoskeletal Locomotion

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Sun, Lidong, Zhao, Wentao, Wang, Ye, Liu, Huaping, Sun, Fuchun
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Sun, Lidong
Zhao, Wentao
Wang, Ye
Liu, Huaping
Sun, Fuchun
author_facet Sun, Lidong
Zhao, Wentao
Wang, Ye
Liu, Huaping
Sun, Fuchun
contents Musculoskeletal robots offer intrinsic compliance and flexibility, providing a promising paradigm for versatile locomotion. However, existing research typically relies on models with fixed muscle physiological parameters. This static physical setting fails to accommodate the diverse dynamic demands of complex tasks, inherently limiting the robot's performance upper bound. In this work, we focus on the morphology and control co-design of musculoskeletal systems. Unlike previous studies that optimize single physiological attributes such as stiffness, we introduce a Complete Musculoskeletal Morphological Evolution Space that simultaneously evolves muscle strength, velocity, and stiffness. To overcome the exponential expansion of the exploration space caused by this comprehensive evolution, we propose Spectral Design Evolution (SDE), a high-efficiency co-optimization framework. By integrating a bilateral symmetry prior with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), SDE projects complex muscle parameters onto a low-dimensional spectral manifold, enabling efficient morphological exploration. Evaluated on the MyoSuite framework across four tasks (Walk, Stair, Hilly, and Rough terrains), our method demonstrates superior learning efficiency and locomotion stability compared to fixed-morphology and standard evolutionary baselines.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_12855
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Evolving the Complete Muscle: Efficient Morphology-Control Co-design for Musculoskeletal Locomotion
Sun, Lidong
Zhao, Wentao
Wang, Ye
Liu, Huaping
Sun, Fuchun
Robotics
Musculoskeletal robots offer intrinsic compliance and flexibility, providing a promising paradigm for versatile locomotion. However, existing research typically relies on models with fixed muscle physiological parameters. This static physical setting fails to accommodate the diverse dynamic demands of complex tasks, inherently limiting the robot's performance upper bound. In this work, we focus on the morphology and control co-design of musculoskeletal systems. Unlike previous studies that optimize single physiological attributes such as stiffness, we introduce a Complete Musculoskeletal Morphological Evolution Space that simultaneously evolves muscle strength, velocity, and stiffness. To overcome the exponential expansion of the exploration space caused by this comprehensive evolution, we propose Spectral Design Evolution (SDE), a high-efficiency co-optimization framework. By integrating a bilateral symmetry prior with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), SDE projects complex muscle parameters onto a low-dimensional spectral manifold, enabling efficient morphological exploration. Evaluated on the MyoSuite framework across four tasks (Walk, Stair, Hilly, and Rough terrains), our method demonstrates superior learning efficiency and locomotion stability compared to fixed-morphology and standard evolutionary baselines.
title Evolving the Complete Muscle: Efficient Morphology-Control Co-design for Musculoskeletal Locomotion
topic Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.12855