The cross-sectional warping problem for hyperelastic beams: An efficient formulation in Voigt notation

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Cobo, Juan C. Alzate, Henkels, Tobias, Weeger, Oliver
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author Cobo, Juan C. Alzate
Henkels, Tobias
Weeger, Oliver
author_facet Cobo, Juan C. Alzate
Henkels, Tobias
Weeger, Oliver
contents Beam theory has traditionally been restricted to small elastic strains and rigid cross-sections. Relaxing these assumptions within closed-form analytical frameworks remains challenging. In contrast, the cross-sectional warping problem provides a computational approach that enables the derivation of general, nonlinear constitutive relations for beam models, thereby overcoming both limitations. In this work, we reinterpret the cross-sectional warping problem for hyperelastic beams and propose a fully material formulation in terms of the Green-Lagrange strain and the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensors. Owing to the symmetry of these tensors, the formulation can be expressed efficiently in Voigt notation and is thus particularly well-suited for straightforward numerical implementation. We demonstrate the validity of this alternative formulation in numerical examples, including the computation of the effective beam stiffness, for which we derive the sensitivities of the warping displacement. To promote reproducibility, we accompany this article with an open-access repository containing the isogeometric finite element implementation and all numerical examples presented herein, enabling other researchers to readily reproduce and build upon our results.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_12886
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The cross-sectional warping problem for hyperelastic beams: An efficient formulation in Voigt notation
Cobo, Juan C. Alzate
Henkels, Tobias
Weeger, Oliver
Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science
Beam theory has traditionally been restricted to small elastic strains and rigid cross-sections. Relaxing these assumptions within closed-form analytical frameworks remains challenging. In contrast, the cross-sectional warping problem provides a computational approach that enables the derivation of general, nonlinear constitutive relations for beam models, thereby overcoming both limitations. In this work, we reinterpret the cross-sectional warping problem for hyperelastic beams and propose a fully material formulation in terms of the Green-Lagrange strain and the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensors. Owing to the symmetry of these tensors, the formulation can be expressed efficiently in Voigt notation and is thus particularly well-suited for straightforward numerical implementation. We demonstrate the validity of this alternative formulation in numerical examples, including the computation of the effective beam stiffness, for which we derive the sensitivities of the warping displacement. To promote reproducibility, we accompany this article with an open-access repository containing the isogeometric finite element implementation and all numerical examples presented herein, enabling other researchers to readily reproduce and build upon our results.
title The cross-sectional warping problem for hyperelastic beams: An efficient formulation in Voigt notation
topic Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.12886