GRB 210704A: A Luminous Fast Blue Transient in a GRB Afterglow at $z = 2.34$
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Pieterse, Daniëlle L. A. Levan, Andrew J. Ravasio, Maria E. Rastinejad, Jillian C. van Hoof, Agnes P. C. Malesani, Daniele B. Sarin, Nikhil Lamb, Gavin P. Martin-Carrillo, Antonio Nugent, Anya E. Tanvir, Nial R. Jonker, Peter G. Kann, David Alexander Fernández, José Feliciano Agüí Berger, Edo Corcoran, Gregory Cusano, Felice D'Avanzo, Paolo D'Elia, Valerio Postigo, Antonio de Ugarte Dimple Fong, Wen-fai Fynbo, Johan P. U. Izzo, Luca Maiorano, Elisabetta Melandri, Andrea Palazzi, Eliana Quirola-Vásquez, Jonathan Rossi, Andrea Escorial, Alicia Rouco |
| author_facet | Pieterse, Daniëlle L. A. Levan, Andrew J. Ravasio, Maria E. Rastinejad, Jillian C. van Hoof, Agnes P. C. Malesani, Daniele B. Sarin, Nikhil Lamb, Gavin P. Martin-Carrillo, Antonio Nugent, Anya E. Tanvir, Nial R. Jonker, Peter G. Kann, David Alexander Fernández, José Feliciano Agüí Berger, Edo Corcoran, Gregory Cusano, Felice D'Avanzo, Paolo D'Elia, Valerio Postigo, Antonio de Ugarte Dimple Fong, Wen-fai Fynbo, Johan P. U. Izzo, Luca Maiorano, Elisabetta Melandri, Andrea Palazzi, Eliana Quirola-Vásquez, Jonathan Rossi, Andrea Escorial, Alicia Rouco |
| contents | We present detailed, multi-wavelength analysis of GRB 210704A: a Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor discovered and Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) detected gamma-ray burst (GRB). The burst is dominated by a short ($\approx 2$ s) pulse followed by weaker, softer emission. We line stack our afterglow spectrum and determine the most likely redshift to be $z = 2.34$. This is corroborated by the photometric redshift of the extended source underlying the GRB. The spectral energy distribution fit parameters, late-time imaging, as well as the GRB's energetics, spectral lag, and location point to a collapsar nature. Follow-up observations reveal excess optical/infrared emission with respect to a standard afterglow, peaking around $T_0 + 7$ d ($2$ d in the rest frame). The excess is extremely luminous ($M_{r} = -22.0$ mag) and rapidly evolving. Strikingly, it resembles the emission seen in recently discovered Einstein Probe fast X-ray transients EP241021a and EP240414a, as well as the population of luminous fast blue optical transients (LFBOTs). This provides a link between these sources and GRBs. Fermi/LAT observations imply a high Lorentz factor, making this a case where LFBOT-like emission is also associated with a powerful successfully launched jet. We model the excess as likely coming from an energetic refreshed shock. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_14343 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | GRB 210704A: A Luminous Fast Blue Transient in a GRB Afterglow at $z = 2.34$ Pieterse, Daniëlle L. A. Levan, Andrew J. Ravasio, Maria E. Rastinejad, Jillian C. van Hoof, Agnes P. C. Malesani, Daniele B. Sarin, Nikhil Lamb, Gavin P. Martin-Carrillo, Antonio Nugent, Anya E. Tanvir, Nial R. Jonker, Peter G. Kann, David Alexander Fernández, José Feliciano Agüí Berger, Edo Corcoran, Gregory Cusano, Felice D'Avanzo, Paolo D'Elia, Valerio Postigo, Antonio de Ugarte Dimple Fong, Wen-fai Fynbo, Johan P. U. Izzo, Luca Maiorano, Elisabetta Melandri, Andrea Palazzi, Eliana Quirola-Vásquez, Jonathan Rossi, Andrea Escorial, Alicia Rouco High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena We present detailed, multi-wavelength analysis of GRB 210704A: a Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor discovered and Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) detected gamma-ray burst (GRB). The burst is dominated by a short ($\approx 2$ s) pulse followed by weaker, softer emission. We line stack our afterglow spectrum and determine the most likely redshift to be $z = 2.34$. This is corroborated by the photometric redshift of the extended source underlying the GRB. The spectral energy distribution fit parameters, late-time imaging, as well as the GRB's energetics, spectral lag, and location point to a collapsar nature. Follow-up observations reveal excess optical/infrared emission with respect to a standard afterglow, peaking around $T_0 + 7$ d ($2$ d in the rest frame). The excess is extremely luminous ($M_{r} = -22.0$ mag) and rapidly evolving. Strikingly, it resembles the emission seen in recently discovered Einstein Probe fast X-ray transients EP241021a and EP240414a, as well as the population of luminous fast blue optical transients (LFBOTs). This provides a link between these sources and GRBs. Fermi/LAT observations imply a high Lorentz factor, making this a case where LFBOT-like emission is also associated with a powerful successfully launched jet. We model the excess as likely coming from an energetic refreshed shock. |
| title | GRB 210704A: A Luminous Fast Blue Transient in a GRB Afterglow at $z = 2.34$ |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14343 |