Digital Guardians: The Past and The Future of Cyber-Physical Resilience
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866915939443802112 |
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| author | Bagchi, Saurabh Kim, Hyunseung Abdelzaher, Tarek Alemzadeh, Homa Chaterji, Somali Chou, Glen Duan, Yuying Kong, Fanxin Lemmon, Michael Li, Yin Liu, Mengyu Luo, Wenhao Ma, Meiyi Mohan, Sibin Mukhopadhyay, Ayan Ornik, Melkior Panagou, Dimitra Rozier, Kristin Yvonne Ruchkin, Ivan Shao, Huajie Yong, Sze Zheng Zamani, Majid Zhou, Xugui |
| author_facet | Bagchi, Saurabh Kim, Hyunseung Abdelzaher, Tarek Alemzadeh, Homa Chaterji, Somali Chou, Glen Duan, Yuying Kong, Fanxin Lemmon, Michael Li, Yin Liu, Mengyu Luo, Wenhao Ma, Meiyi Mohan, Sibin Mukhopadhyay, Ayan Ornik, Melkior Panagou, Dimitra Rozier, Kristin Yvonne Ruchkin, Ivan Shao, Huajie Yong, Sze Zheng Zamani, Majid Zhou, Xugui |
| contents | Resilience in cyber-physical systems (CPS) is the fundamental ability to maintain safety and critical functionality despite adverse "perturbations," which includes security attacks, environmental disruptions, and hardware or software failures. This survey provides a comprehensive review of CPS resilience, framing the field through five interconnected themes that are required in an integrated whole to achieve real-world resilience.
The article first posits that resilience is a system-wide property emerging from interactions between hardware, software, and human users. Second, it addresses the challenges of learning-enabled CPS, which often operate in data-scarce environments characterized by imbalanced or noisy data, requiring innovative solutions like synthetic data generation and foundation model adaptation. Third, the survey examines proactive measures for resilience, which include distinctive aspects of verification, testing, and redundancy. Fourth, it explores recovery mechanisms, moving beyond traditional fault models to design "just good enough" recovery strategies that prioritize safety-critical functions during perturbations. Finally, it highlights the central role of the human, focusing on the different levels of human intervention, the necessity of trust calibration, and the requirement for explainable AI to support human-CPS teaming.
These themes are illustrated through representative application domains, primarily Connected and Autonomous Transportation Systems (CATS) and Medical CPS (MCPS). By integrating the five interconnected themes, this survey provides a systematic roadmap for achieving the resilient CPS in increasingly complex and adversarial environments. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_14360 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Digital Guardians: The Past and The Future of Cyber-Physical Resilience Bagchi, Saurabh Kim, Hyunseung Abdelzaher, Tarek Alemzadeh, Homa Chaterji, Somali Chou, Glen Duan, Yuying Kong, Fanxin Lemmon, Michael Li, Yin Liu, Mengyu Luo, Wenhao Ma, Meiyi Mohan, Sibin Mukhopadhyay, Ayan Ornik, Melkior Panagou, Dimitra Rozier, Kristin Yvonne Ruchkin, Ivan Shao, Huajie Yong, Sze Zheng Zamani, Majid Zhou, Xugui Cryptography and Security Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing Systems and Control Resilience in cyber-physical systems (CPS) is the fundamental ability to maintain safety and critical functionality despite adverse "perturbations," which includes security attacks, environmental disruptions, and hardware or software failures. This survey provides a comprehensive review of CPS resilience, framing the field through five interconnected themes that are required in an integrated whole to achieve real-world resilience. The article first posits that resilience is a system-wide property emerging from interactions between hardware, software, and human users. Second, it addresses the challenges of learning-enabled CPS, which often operate in data-scarce environments characterized by imbalanced or noisy data, requiring innovative solutions like synthetic data generation and foundation model adaptation. Third, the survey examines proactive measures for resilience, which include distinctive aspects of verification, testing, and redundancy. Fourth, it explores recovery mechanisms, moving beyond traditional fault models to design "just good enough" recovery strategies that prioritize safety-critical functions during perturbations. Finally, it highlights the central role of the human, focusing on the different levels of human intervention, the necessity of trust calibration, and the requirement for explainable AI to support human-CPS teaming. These themes are illustrated through representative application domains, primarily Connected and Autonomous Transportation Systems (CATS) and Medical CPS (MCPS). By integrating the five interconnected themes, this survey provides a systematic roadmap for achieving the resilient CPS in increasingly complex and adversarial environments. |
| title | Digital Guardians: The Past and The Future of Cyber-Physical Resilience |
| topic | Cryptography and Security Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing Systems and Control |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14360 |