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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Accesso online: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14447 |
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| _version_ | 1866917411985293312 |
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| author | Spanodimos, Georgios Qian, Guanyu Cui, Xiaodan |
| author_facet | Spanodimos, Georgios Qian, Guanyu Cui, Xiaodan |
| contents | This paper presents a hybrid switched-capacitor converter (HSCC) with a novel multi-mode modulation (3M) scheme for wide-range voltage regulation in 48-V automotive power systems. By introducing a three-state operating sequence beyond the conventional 2:1 resonant operation, the proposed converter achieves variable step-down conversion ratios while preserving soft-switching operation in most transitions. The proposed modulation supports both zero-current switching (ZCS) and zero-voltage switching (ZVS) modes, enabling efficient operation over a broad range of load and conversion conditions. To enable voltage regulation, a closed-loop control configuration is proposed with a linear proportional-integral (PI) controller, with gain tuning assisted by reinforcement learning (RL) to address the converter's nonlinear and variable-frequency nature while maintaining good transient performance. A hardware prototype was built to validate the proposed modulation scheme. The measured results verify ZCS operation over voltage conversion ratios of 0.2--0.4, with a peak efficiency exceeding 92\% at 100~W, and efficiency above 88\% over a wide operating range for 3:1 conversion. The feasibility of both ZCS and ZVS operation is also experimentally demonstrated. These results show that the proposed HSCC significantly extends the practical regulation range of resonant switched-capacitor converters while maintaining high efficiency. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_14447 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A Wide-Regulation-Range Hybrid Switched-Capacitor Converter for 48V Automotive Power Systems Spanodimos, Georgios Qian, Guanyu Cui, Xiaodan Applied Physics This paper presents a hybrid switched-capacitor converter (HSCC) with a novel multi-mode modulation (3M) scheme for wide-range voltage regulation in 48-V automotive power systems. By introducing a three-state operating sequence beyond the conventional 2:1 resonant operation, the proposed converter achieves variable step-down conversion ratios while preserving soft-switching operation in most transitions. The proposed modulation supports both zero-current switching (ZCS) and zero-voltage switching (ZVS) modes, enabling efficient operation over a broad range of load and conversion conditions. To enable voltage regulation, a closed-loop control configuration is proposed with a linear proportional-integral (PI) controller, with gain tuning assisted by reinforcement learning (RL) to address the converter's nonlinear and variable-frequency nature while maintaining good transient performance. A hardware prototype was built to validate the proposed modulation scheme. The measured results verify ZCS operation over voltage conversion ratios of 0.2--0.4, with a peak efficiency exceeding 92\% at 100~W, and efficiency above 88\% over a wide operating range for 3:1 conversion. The feasibility of both ZCS and ZVS operation is also experimentally demonstrated. These results show that the proposed HSCC significantly extends the practical regulation range of resonant switched-capacitor converters while maintaining high efficiency. |
| title | A Wide-Regulation-Range Hybrid Switched-Capacitor Converter for 48V Automotive Power Systems |
| topic | Applied Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14447 |