Microscopic primordial black holes as macroscopic dark matter from large extra dimensions
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arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866914479595323392 |
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| author | Vitale, Giuseppe Filiberto Lambiase, Gaetano Poddar, Tanmay Kumar Visinelli, Luca |
| author_facet | Vitale, Giuseppe Filiberto Lambiase, Gaetano Poddar, Tanmay Kumar Visinelli, Luca |
| contents | We study the coupled cosmological evolution of primordial black holes (PBHs) and radiation in the Arkani-Hamed-Dimopoulos-Dvali (ADD) framework with $n$ large extra dimensions and a fundamental gravity scale $M_\star$ at the TeV scale. For PBHs with horizon radius smaller than the compactification scale, the higher-dimensional geometry implies a larger horizon size at fixed mass and therefore a suppressed Hawking temperature. As a result, radiation accretion can overcome evaporation in the early Universe and drive a ``runaway'' phase of rapid mass growth. By numerically solving the coupled mass and energy-density evolution equations, we show that for $n \geq 2$ initially microscopic PBHs with initial mass $M_i \gtrsim 10^{12}\,$g can grow by many orders of magnitude and potentially reach macroscopic, even solar-mass, scales by matter-radiation equality. We determine the critical initial abundance $β_{\rm crit}$ required for PBHs to account for the observed dark matter density and find that extra dimensions dramatically lower this threshold, allowing viable scenarios with $β_{\rm crit}\sim 10^{-44}$. This identifies a previously unexplored region of parameter space in which the dark matter abundance is achieved through dynamical mass growth rather than large initial collapse fractions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_14871 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Microscopic primordial black holes as macroscopic dark matter from large extra dimensions Vitale, Giuseppe Filiberto Lambiase, Gaetano Poddar, Tanmay Kumar Visinelli, Luca Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Phenomenology We study the coupled cosmological evolution of primordial black holes (PBHs) and radiation in the Arkani-Hamed-Dimopoulos-Dvali (ADD) framework with $n$ large extra dimensions and a fundamental gravity scale $M_\star$ at the TeV scale. For PBHs with horizon radius smaller than the compactification scale, the higher-dimensional geometry implies a larger horizon size at fixed mass and therefore a suppressed Hawking temperature. As a result, radiation accretion can overcome evaporation in the early Universe and drive a ``runaway'' phase of rapid mass growth. By numerically solving the coupled mass and energy-density evolution equations, we show that for $n \geq 2$ initially microscopic PBHs with initial mass $M_i \gtrsim 10^{12}\,$g can grow by many orders of magnitude and potentially reach macroscopic, even solar-mass, scales by matter-radiation equality. We determine the critical initial abundance $β_{\rm crit}$ required for PBHs to account for the observed dark matter density and find that extra dimensions dramatically lower this threshold, allowing viable scenarios with $β_{\rm crit}\sim 10^{-44}$. This identifies a previously unexplored region of parameter space in which the dark matter abundance is achieved through dynamical mass growth rather than large initial collapse fractions. |
| title | Microscopic primordial black holes as macroscopic dark matter from large extra dimensions |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14871 |