High-temperature charge-4e superconductivity in SU(4) interacting fermions

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Shi, Shao-Hang, Wu, Zhengzhi, Hu, Jiangping, Li, Zi-Xiang
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Shi, Shao-Hang
Wu, Zhengzhi
Hu, Jiangping
Li, Zi-Xiang
author_facet Shi, Shao-Hang
Wu, Zhengzhi
Hu, Jiangping
Li, Zi-Xiang
contents The condensation of electron quartets, known as charge-4e superconductivity (SC), represents a novel quantum state of matter beyond the standard paradigm of Cooper pairing. However, concrete microscopic models realizing this phase in two dimensions remain a central challenge. Here, we introduce a non-engineered and sign-problem-free model, unambiguously demonstrating the emergence of a robust and high-temperature charge-4e SC phase using unbiased quantum Monte Carlo simulations. At zero temperature, the phase diagram reveals that charge-4e SC is the primary ground state in the strong-coupling regime. At finite temperature in the absence of charge-2e SC, we identify charge-4e SC through a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, marked by a universal jump in the superfluid stiffness consistent with a condensate of charge 4e. Remarkably, the transition temperature Tc increases nearly linearly with interaction strength, providing a robust mechanism for high-Tc quartet superconductivity. Furthermore, spectral analysis reveals a prominent pseudogap above Tc arising from strong phase fluctuations. Our results establish a canonical and numerically exact model system for charge-4e superconductivity, offering crucial guidance for its realization in experimental platforms such as moiré materials and ultracold atomic systems.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_15056
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle High-temperature charge-4e superconductivity in SU(4) interacting fermions
Shi, Shao-Hang
Wu, Zhengzhi
Hu, Jiangping
Li, Zi-Xiang
Strongly Correlated Electrons
Quantum Gases
Superconductivity
The condensation of electron quartets, known as charge-4e superconductivity (SC), represents a novel quantum state of matter beyond the standard paradigm of Cooper pairing. However, concrete microscopic models realizing this phase in two dimensions remain a central challenge. Here, we introduce a non-engineered and sign-problem-free model, unambiguously demonstrating the emergence of a robust and high-temperature charge-4e SC phase using unbiased quantum Monte Carlo simulations. At zero temperature, the phase diagram reveals that charge-4e SC is the primary ground state in the strong-coupling regime. At finite temperature in the absence of charge-2e SC, we identify charge-4e SC through a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, marked by a universal jump in the superfluid stiffness consistent with a condensate of charge 4e. Remarkably, the transition temperature Tc increases nearly linearly with interaction strength, providing a robust mechanism for high-Tc quartet superconductivity. Furthermore, spectral analysis reveals a prominent pseudogap above Tc arising from strong phase fluctuations. Our results establish a canonical and numerically exact model system for charge-4e superconductivity, offering crucial guidance for its realization in experimental platforms such as moiré materials and ultracold atomic systems.
title High-temperature charge-4e superconductivity in SU(4) interacting fermions
topic Strongly Correlated Electrons
Quantum Gases
Superconductivity
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.15056