High-temperature charge-4e superconductivity in SU(4) interacting fermions
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866915940567875584 |
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| author | Shi, Shao-Hang Wu, Zhengzhi Hu, Jiangping Li, Zi-Xiang |
| author_facet | Shi, Shao-Hang Wu, Zhengzhi Hu, Jiangping Li, Zi-Xiang |
| contents | The condensation of electron quartets, known as charge-4e superconductivity (SC), represents a novel quantum state of matter beyond the standard paradigm of Cooper pairing. However, concrete microscopic models realizing this phase in two dimensions remain a central challenge. Here, we introduce a non-engineered and sign-problem-free model, unambiguously demonstrating the emergence of a robust and high-temperature charge-4e SC phase using unbiased quantum Monte Carlo simulations. At zero temperature, the phase diagram reveals that charge-4e SC is the primary ground state in the strong-coupling regime. At finite temperature in the absence of charge-2e SC, we identify charge-4e SC through a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, marked by a universal jump in the superfluid stiffness consistent with a condensate of charge 4e. Remarkably, the transition temperature Tc increases nearly linearly with interaction strength, providing a robust mechanism for high-Tc quartet superconductivity. Furthermore, spectral analysis reveals a prominent pseudogap above Tc arising from strong phase fluctuations. Our results establish a canonical and numerically exact model system for charge-4e superconductivity, offering crucial guidance for its realization in experimental platforms such as moiré materials and ultracold atomic systems. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_15056 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | High-temperature charge-4e superconductivity in SU(4) interacting fermions Shi, Shao-Hang Wu, Zhengzhi Hu, Jiangping Li, Zi-Xiang Strongly Correlated Electrons Quantum Gases Superconductivity The condensation of electron quartets, known as charge-4e superconductivity (SC), represents a novel quantum state of matter beyond the standard paradigm of Cooper pairing. However, concrete microscopic models realizing this phase in two dimensions remain a central challenge. Here, we introduce a non-engineered and sign-problem-free model, unambiguously demonstrating the emergence of a robust and high-temperature charge-4e SC phase using unbiased quantum Monte Carlo simulations. At zero temperature, the phase diagram reveals that charge-4e SC is the primary ground state in the strong-coupling regime. At finite temperature in the absence of charge-2e SC, we identify charge-4e SC through a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, marked by a universal jump in the superfluid stiffness consistent with a condensate of charge 4e. Remarkably, the transition temperature Tc increases nearly linearly with interaction strength, providing a robust mechanism for high-Tc quartet superconductivity. Furthermore, spectral analysis reveals a prominent pseudogap above Tc arising from strong phase fluctuations. Our results establish a canonical and numerically exact model system for charge-4e superconductivity, offering crucial guidance for its realization in experimental platforms such as moiré materials and ultracold atomic systems. |
| title | High-temperature charge-4e superconductivity in SU(4) interacting fermions |
| topic | Strongly Correlated Electrons Quantum Gases Superconductivity |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.15056 |