A New Cloud-Cloud Collision Source N68 toward the G35 Molecular Cloud Complex
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866910138877607936 |
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| author | Chen, En Chen, Xi |
| author_facet | Chen, En Chen, Xi |
| contents | Bubble N68 in the G35 complex shows clear cloud-cloud collision (CCC) signatures. Its semi-ring-like morphology harbors many significant massive star formation tracers: 6 HII regions, 4 6.7 GHz masers, 5 Midcourse Space Experiment sources, 9 radio peaks, and nearly 10 O/B-type stars. We also identified 163 young stellar objects (45 Class I, 5 Flat, 113 Class II), indicating active star formation toward N68. Our molecular study with CO reveals two distinct molecular clouds (N68a: 47-56 km s$^{-1}$; N68b: 56-64 km s$^{-1}$), with broad bridge features and complementary distributions at their borders, indicating an ongoing CCC. Star formation in N68 is collectively driven by collect-and-collapse (CC), radiation-driven implosion (RDI), and CCC mechanisms. However, compared with the CC and RDI mechanisms, the CCC mechanism does not enhance the star formation efficiency; instead, it tends to trigger the formation of massive stars. N68, along with bubbles N65 and N61, constructs a $\sim100$ pc scale CCC system in the G35 complex. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2604_15734 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A New Cloud-Cloud Collision Source N68 toward the G35 Molecular Cloud Complex Chen, En Chen, Xi Astrophysics of Galaxies Bubble N68 in the G35 complex shows clear cloud-cloud collision (CCC) signatures. Its semi-ring-like morphology harbors many significant massive star formation tracers: 6 HII regions, 4 6.7 GHz masers, 5 Midcourse Space Experiment sources, 9 radio peaks, and nearly 10 O/B-type stars. We also identified 163 young stellar objects (45 Class I, 5 Flat, 113 Class II), indicating active star formation toward N68. Our molecular study with CO reveals two distinct molecular clouds (N68a: 47-56 km s$^{-1}$; N68b: 56-64 km s$^{-1}$), with broad bridge features and complementary distributions at their borders, indicating an ongoing CCC. Star formation in N68 is collectively driven by collect-and-collapse (CC), radiation-driven implosion (RDI), and CCC mechanisms. However, compared with the CC and RDI mechanisms, the CCC mechanism does not enhance the star formation efficiency; instead, it tends to trigger the formation of massive stars. N68, along with bubbles N65 and N61, constructs a $\sim100$ pc scale CCC system in the G35 complex. |
| title | A New Cloud-Cloud Collision Source N68 toward the G35 Molecular Cloud Complex |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.15734 |